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Coffee with Samso Episode 77 with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is now positioning itself to be part of the sector supplying the battery market. I have been a big fan of Blackstone for a very long time. Followers who have been with Samso since the beginning will know that I have been sharing their story since 2019 when they were just AUD$0.15. In fact, I have just realised that they went down to AUD$0.08 during COVID. In the early days, the story was focused on whether they would be able to come up with good drilling results which was to be followed by the probability of "resources". The next step would be the obligation to show the competency of the existing plant. In the last episode of Coffee with Samso with Scott, he mentioned the beginnings of a downstream strategy, Producing Nickel for the EV Revolution - Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) . Scott Williamson outlines why their nickel products are of the highest quality. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Scott Williamson tells us about how the company intends to make the best battery products for the industry. There is going to be a supply issue. The biggest deal breaker for the battery market is a lack of nickel sulphide concentrates. As I have mentioned before in the other Coffee with Samso, the whole business of finding more nickel metal is a forgone conclusion. The relentless results coming out from Vietnam is now boring me. It is now just a matter of time for a re-rating of the company. Would I buy Blackstone now? I have been asked many times if BSX is still a buy at the current price. My simple answer is similar to what Rick Rule mentioned in our last Coffee with Samso. Look at 35:54 | Rick and Paladin - The story of Investing in Mineral Explorers. Commodities and Equities: Advice from Rick Rule - Episode 70 The story that Rick tells is the best answer to any investor's questions of entry timing, understanding the value and letting that dictate your decision. PODCAST About Scott Williamson Managing Director Blackstone Minerals Limited Qualifications: BEng (Mining), BCom, MAusIMM Scott Williamson is an experienced Managing Director with a demonstrated history of working in the mining and metals industry. He is skilled in Open Pit and Underground Mining, Corporate Finance, Investor Relations and Project Planning. A strong business development professional with equity capital markets experience, Scott graduated from West Australian School of Mines and Curtin University of Technology. Scott holds a WA First Class Mine Manager’s Certificate and is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. About Blackstone Minerals Limited Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) is developing the district-scale Ta Khoa Project in Northern Vietnam where the company is drilling out the large-scale Ban Phuc Nickel-PGE deposit. The Ta Khoa Nickel-PGE Project has existing modern mine infrastructures built to International Standards including a 450ktpa processing plant and permitted mine facilities. Blackstone Minerals also owns a large landholding at the Gold Bridge project within the BC porphyry belt in British Columbia, Canada with large scale drill targets prospective for high-grade gold-cobalt-copper mineralisation. In Australia, Blackstone Minerals is exploring for nickel and gold in the Eastern Goldfields and gold in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Blackstone Minerals has a board and management team with a proven track record of mineral discovery and corporate success. The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project is located 160 km west of Hanoi in the Son La Province of Vietnam and includes an existing modern nickel mine built to Australian standards, which is currently under care and maintenance. The Ban Phuc nickel mine successfully operated as a mechanised underground nickel mine from 2013 to 2016. In the Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project, previous project owners invested more than US$136m in capital and generated US$213m in revenue during a 3.5-year period of falling nickel prices. The project was placed into care and maintenance in mid-2016 during some of the lowest nickel prices in the past 10 years. Existing infrastructure associated with the project includes an internationally-designed 450 ktpa processing plant connected to local hydro grid power with a fully-permitted tailings facility and a modern 250-person camp. Since commencing maiden drilling in August 2019, Blackstone Minerals has made significant progress at Ta Khoa, drilling over 9,000 m of diamond core in more than 47 holes into the Ban Phuc DSS deposit and the highly prospective King Cobra discovery zone. An initial scoping study evaluating mining and processing options is well advanced, including potential in-country downstream processing to deliver high-value nickel sulfate into Asia’s rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry. The recently announced MOU with Asia’s largest and the world’s second-largest EV battery cathode manufacturer, Ecopro BM Co Limited represents a significant step towards making this a reality. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Coffee with Samso Episode 80 with Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) is all about de-risking a high-grade gold mining project. The Kingman project is another one of those that have good historical activities that makes me wonder why this is still not being explored. When Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) approached me to make this Coffee with Samso, I was very impressed with what I saw from their previous exploration. Followers of Samso would know that we had an Arizona story in New World Resources Limited (ASX: NWC) with the Antler Project, which was a good story about high grade mineralisation. This story appears to have a similar path and it looks like it has some hallmarks of a potential VMS region/province. It is making its introduction as a high-grade gold and silver project but as the conversation progresses, there seems to be some evidence of a potential VMS system. Don't get me wrong - I am a strong proponent of the system whatever it is as long as it produces, so whether it is a VMS or not is really not all that relevant. We talk to Michael Bohm, the Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) in Coffee with Samso Episode 80, about their Kingman Project. One of the most important part of my investment thinking is the technical merits and the management of a project. I have known Mike since 1993 and I have known him as one who is in the quality status. Hence, when I see a project that looks good and is associated with quality management, I am immediately interested. Over the years, I have learned that these two parameters of good technical and management points are the most important aspects of any investment idea. Michael shares with us how their projects were acquired and why they came to the conclusion to go ahead with the project. Chapters Chapters 00:00 Introduction 00:35 The Kingman Story 01:27 Why do we not hear a lot about the US Projects? 03:36 What is good about Kingman? 05:07 How did RIE acquire the project? 11:48 Quality of Project 15:17 The Silver component to US projects. 17:08 What is economical Silver? 19:09 Lack of popularity in US mineral projects. 23:46 What is the value proposition? 31:08 News flow? PODCAST About Michael Bohm Chairman BAppSc (Mining Engineering) Appointed: 12 December 2020 Mr. Bohm is a qualified mining professional with extensive Corporate & Operations experience. Michael has extensive minerals industry experience in Australia, South East Asia, Africa, Chile, Canada and Europe. A graduate of WA School of Mines, Michael has worked as a mining engineer, mine manager, study manager, project manager, project director and managing director and has been directly involved in a number of mine developments in the gold, nickel and diamond sectors. Michael is a current Director of a number of ASX-listed companies and sits on their Audit & Risk and Remuneration Committees. Michael has had previous directorships at Argyle Diamonds Mines, Sally Malay Mining Limited and Ashton Mining of Canada. About Riedel Resources Riedel Resources (ASX:RIE) is an ASX-listed mineral exploration company earning into an advanced high-grade gold exploration project in north-west Arizona. The Kingman Project comprises approximately 200 contiguous mining claims located approximately 30km from the town of Kingman Arizona. The area was mined for high-grade gold and silver from the 1880’s to the early 1940’s and since then very little modern exploration has ever been carried out on the property. The Riedel board has extensive experience in minerals and mineral exploration in Australia, the US and Canada, amongst others. Kingman Gold Project The Kingman Gold Project is located near Kingman Arizona and only 90 minutes drive from downtown Las Vegas. The project was mined for high grade gold and silver from the 1880’s until the early 1940’s which coincided with the outbreak of WWII. Following drilling in the 1990’s, 11 diamond holes were drilled on the property in late 2019 and which intersected multiple zones of high grade gold, silver and lead from shallow depths and confirmed the extensive mineralisation potential of the area. Riedel plans to aggressively drill and explore the project area during 2021. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) Deposits Explained In simple terms, Volcanic-associated Massive Sulphide (VMS) deposits are caused by underground metal-rich volcanoes rising and creating a cooking environment. I suggest you download this eBook which explains the VMS and How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Coffee with Samso Episode 81 with David Pillinger, Managing Director of VCEX is all about creating an efficient marketplace for the whole Equity Capital sector. A couple of weeks ago, David Pillinger contacted me to talk about an "interesting platform" related to marketing. In our following discussions after that first contact, I have learnt that this is indeed an interesting platform. VCEX or Venture Capital Exchange is a simple platform that uses technology to make transactions and compliance simpler and cheaper. In the world of Venture Capital or Start-ups, the one thing that does not happen frequently is the transaction of shares which also means that laborious maintenance of compliance is not required. Unfortunately, the cost of compliance today, is pretty much standard. When you look at VCEX, the main use of VCEX is that it will reduce all the compliance costs while being totally compliant with the requirements of ASIC (Australian Securities & Investments Commission). As David shares with us, there are plans now to allow incorporate equities that are listed on the ASX (Australian Stock Exchange) into the platform. This will eventually create a wholesome ecosystem that will bring in buyers and sellers from both the private and public domains. Investors can find out more and create a freemium log in by following the link VCEX:VEX where you can gain access to the VCEX share offer and create an investor profile, review the Information Memorandum and presentations and invest in off-market offerings on VCEX. PODCAST About David Pillinger Managing Director David Pillinger has been a Company Director from the very early age of 21 since 1989 with 5 surf store franchises as his first endeavour. Self-funded and grown from hard graft, he is familiar with all aspects of a vertically integrated business structure. After a decade of surf industry retail and manufacturing knowledge, David turned his hand to his other passion in life - property development and sales. This created Property Gallery and it has grown year on year since its creation in 2001 and is now managing well over 3,000 properties from WAs North West to Perth’s Southern corridor . This has not stopped David from combining his passion of surfing and property by designing and building a Boutique Resort Hotel called The Dipan in Seminyak, Bali which he also still maintains significant equity today. The process of developing and creating income has always required a large amount of software and online marketing. Pillinger realised this as a core attribute to how his staff was evolving in all 3 industries - Retail, Construction / Manufacturing and Management . ¨There is a point in time where you step back and review which direction you are going and answer the questions of why am I going in this direction and what direction is the world going in.¨ The answer was Automation, and with a lot of self-service due to compliance and risk, it is safer to provide a self-service function for all people in most industries. In 2018, Safesoft Pty Ltd was born. It was a new business to take all of the knowledge Pillinger had gathered as an entrepreneur to create a way of making business function better from creation through to ongoing management. VCEX (Venture Capital Exchange) is the first release of many software solutions that utilise the Safesoft LTD core code and single source management logic.The VCEX Market Place manages and qualifies investors - AFSL Brokers and existing shareholders access through the one cloud-based single source registry exchange. The clue to the future in the dialogue above is simple and common amongst all people who strive to have financial independence. Safesoft has a product called Safekey which accesses all of your investments in one place, securely managing your shares in companies and property management requirements. David Pillinger is currently 52 years old at the time of publishing this article and interview, Safesoft LTD is 3 years old and for a software company that may be young, but as David puts it, for an adult it is about the right age to embark on a software solution that encompasses such a diverse solution and ability. Most people struggle to put time into their investments and this product will really connect investors with their assets and advisors and ultimately companies, that they too can invest in from simple direct investments to interest bearing convertible notes. Safesoft opens up the possibilities of connecting people in a more efficient way in a totally integrated process that is far more efficient than what is currently available . About VCEX Venture Capital Exchange is now available for companies and AFSL CAR + AR promoters to raise capital and manage shareholders communications, ASIC updates and banking in one end to end ecosystem. Their Patent Pending Software has been under review and patent approval process for 2 years with ASIC approval now available for investors of VCEX Pty Ltd shares to sell in low volume under ASIC exemption granted 30th March 2020 . If you are interested in raising capital and low volume trading your shares in any unlisted company go to VCEX.com.au and try now for free. They welcome AFSL + CAR promoters to operate compliantly on VCEX.com.au with free access to companies signing up to VCEX LVM trading and capital raising ecosystems. Welcome to the future. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Rooster Talk 35 with Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) is all about extending the potential of their exploration reach. The current announcement that was released on the 19th April 2021 is a clear sign that the mineralisation in the Kingman project is not localised. As described by the company, this shows that the 1.8km anomaly exists and there are exciting times ahead of us. When Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) approached me to make the first Coffee with Samso, I was very impressed with what I saw from their previous exploration. With the current exploration results, I am convinced that with careful management of exploration funds, there is an interesting mineralising system here to be discovered. Since the previous chat with Michael Bohm on Kingman and New World Resources Limited (ASX: NWC) about the Antler Project, I am now fairly bullish on this region. Both projects have great results and the polymetallic nature is encouraging. In this Rooster Talk with Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE), Michael talks to us about the recent drilling results from the Kingman Project. Michael shares his insights on how this mineralising environment has historical results and adjacent projects that have been mined historically. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction 01:20 What the company make of the results. 02:36 Could this be a VMS? 04:25 Market Reaction 05:53 Why Jims is an "Interesting" project. 07:22 Numerous Drill Targets at Kingman. 08:25 Revealing the 18km Anomaly 09:39 News coming up 10:38 The Riedel Team 13:18 Cooking Spot for Mineralisation 13: 42 Conclusion PODCAST About Michael Bohm Chairman BAppSc (Mining Engineering) Appointed: 12 December 2020 Mr. Bohm is a qualified mining professional with extensive Corporate & Operations experience. Michael has extensive minerals industry experience in Australia, South East Asia, Africa, Chile, Canada and Europe. A graduate of WA School of Mines, Michael has worked as a mining engineer, mine manager, study manager, project manager, project director and managing director and has been directly involved in a number of mine developments in the gold, nickel and diamond sectors. Michael is a current Director of a number of ASX-listed companies and sits on their Audit & Risk and Remuneration Committees. Michael has had previous directorships at Argyle Diamonds Mines, Sally Malay Mining Limited and Ashton Mining of Canada. About Riedel Resources Riedel Resources (ASX:RIE) is an ASX-listed mineral exploration company earning into an advanced high-grade gold exploration project in north-west Arizona. The Kingman Project comprises approximately 200 contiguous mining claims located approximately 30km from the town of Kingman Arizona. The area was mined for high-grade gold and silver from the 1880’s to the early 1940’s and since then very little modern exploration has ever been carried out on the property. The Riedel board has extensive experience in minerals and mineral exploration in Australia, the US and Canada, amongst others. Kingman Gold Project The Kingman Gold Project is located near Kingman Arizona and only 90 minutes drive from downtown Las Vegas. The project was mined for high grade gold and silver from the 1880’s until the early 1940’s which coincided with the outbreak of WWII. Following drilling in the 1990’s, 11 diamond holes were drilled on the property in late 2019 and which intersected multiple zones of high grade gold, silver and lead from shallow depths and confirmed the extensive mineralisation potential of the area. Riedel plans to aggressively drill and explore the project area during 2021. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) Deposits Explained In simple terms, Volcanic-associated Massive Sulphide (VMS) deposits are caused by underground metal-rich volcanoes rising and creating a cooking environment. I suggest you download this eBook which explains the VMS and How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Coffee with Samso Episode 82 with Paul Lock, Executive Chairman and Managing Director of Pan Asia Metals Limited (ASX: PAM) is all about taking advantage of a low cost structure to create a bankable lithium mining and processing project in Thailand. When I first looked at Pan Asia Metals, I thought this was going to be another company with a great tungsten and lithium project. However, the lithium was lepidolite so perhaps that would not be in their favour. That was before talking to Paul Lock. After our coffee chat, Paul's insights have changed my views. I would say now that the company's strategy seems robust. We have to bear in mind that the lithium and tungsten projects are themselves world-class grades. I have not seen any tungsten projects with that kind of grades nor interceptions. The lithium grades are consistent and from what has been presented, I do not doubt its future potential resources. It is a very good idea to have the strategy to build a downstream processing business in the heart of South East Asia, (i.e. Thailand). Thailand is an automotive producer and it is in Asia. But as all economies are beginning to build their own strategies for the oncoming EV revolution, the idea of having Pan Asia trying to create a source of EV fuel in their backyard is a no brainer. It has been fascinating how our coffee chat progressed as Paul shared his knowledge about the whole journey of the company. It gradually became apparent that there is actually a strong case for their strategy. If you are at or near the low end of the cost curve, regardless of the commodity cycle, you should be making money and that is what you want in your project. There is now a trend towards the downstream part of the sector and it was clearly highlighted in the recent Coffee with Samso with Rick Rule entitled, Commodities and Equities: Advice from Rick Rule. This is the space that is going to make the most value-add which makes the most sense. Paul explains why having a project with the lowest cost structure is going to make more headway than those that are on the higher end of the curve. I recommend readers take a good look at this way of thinking. Remember, lithium is not a rare commodity, and it will all depends on where your market is that will determine one of your main cost inputs. Chapters 00:12 Introduction - Why PAM 01:26 How did you get the projects? 02:56 Summary of the Tungsten and Lithium projects 06:17 The advantage of being within your end product market, geographically 09:06 The Critical Metal space of Tungsten 11:24 Lepidolite Chemistry 13:36 The Low Cost Structure Strategy 15:25 The Board Structure 17:44 Reasons for Buying PAM 19:02 Why Low Cost OPEX works 21:35 The EMH Case Study 23:50 Thailand wants an EV Industry 25:58 News Flow 29:23 Conclusion - Why Low Cost Structure is Important PODCAST About Paul Lock Executive Chairman & Managing Director Pan Asia Metals Paul has been involved in minerals exploration in South East Asia since 2012, with his work in this region forming the foundation of what is now Pan Asia Metals. Before Pan Asia Metals, Paul was a corporate adviser at Everspring Partners, a boutique Sydney-based advisory firm that he founded. Before Everspring, Paul worked in corporate advisory and leveraged finance roles at the Commonwealth Bank of Australia. Paul initially focused on corporate and single asset project finance in the resource sector before moving into leveraged finance for private equity initiatives and then into a corporate advisory role where he was sector agnostic and focused on generating corporate transactions. Prior to banking, Paul worked for Rothschild & Co in Australia where he was a derivatives trader and a high yield bond investor focusing on a variety of asset classes, generally distressed or complex assets. Paul also had some involvement in structuring derivatives solutions for resource companies in conjunction with Rothschild’s corporate advisory team. Prior to Rothschild Paul worked for Japanese trading conglomerate Marubeni Corporation in the soft commodity trading division. Paul graduated from Hale School in Perth, Western Australia, and has obtained the following academic qualifications: Master of Political Economy, University of Sydney; Master of International Studies, University of Sydney; Master of Commercial Law, Macquarie University; Master of Business Administration, Macquarie Graduate School of Management; and Bachelor of Business, Marcus Oldham College. Paul is an associate member of AusIMM. About Pan Asia Metals Limited Pan Asia’s strategy is simple. It seeks to secure exploration and development assets with the potential to be positioned in the lowest or a leading third of the cost curve and which positions the Company for downstream value-adding opportunities. Cost curve positioning is paramount in our decision-making, as assets positioned further up the cost curve are generally more difficult to finance and develop. Regardless of the size or grade of an asset, if finance cannot be secured then the asset is worth relatively little. The opportunity to move downstream is also very important. In general, value-adding mine output will offer the Company better and more consistent profit margins and a larger footprint of customers, and exposure to new opportunities. Although at face value this may sound ‘optimistic’, for many specialty metals, including tungsten and lithium, value-adding can be easily incorporated into a feasibility study if the geology, geography and cost environment is right. Setting geology and metallurgy aside, as these are naturally essential requirements to achieve a low cost curve outcome, this strategy can be achieved by identifying projects that: are located in globally competitive cost jurisdictions. In Pan Asia’s case, Southeast Asia are proximal to end user markets. In Pan Asia’s case, markets for all process inputs and outputs exist throughout Southeast and East Asia are well positioned to take advantage of downstream development opportunities. In Pan Asia’s case, both tungsten and lepidolite style lithium can be value-added and the value-added output has application in markets throughout Asia are strategically located in a key market with strong economic growth. In Pan Asia’s case, the growth profiles of many Asian countries are very strong For many exploration companies it is not possible to contemplate activities past the mine gate due to geography, geology and or commodity, and/or their cost environment. In general, value-adding mine output will offer: better and more consistent profit margins a larger footprint of customers exposure to new opportunities Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) Deposits Explained In simple terms, Volcanic-associated Massive Sulphide (VMS) deposits are caused by underground metal-rich volcanoes rising and creating a cooking environment. I suggest you download this eBook which explains the VMS and How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Rooster Talk Episode 38 with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is busy drilling away at the nickel project while creating a downstream strategy that will add significant shareholder value. Scott sat with us at the RIU Sydney Conference to give an update on the drilling that is happening in Ta Khao and how the downstream business is progressing. Many companies are playing the downstream business but I feel that the key ingredient is to have a practical source that can be delivered profitably. I think this vital element has been downplayed by many other stories that are out there in the marketplace. I have been a champion of the Ta Khoa project since it was on the very first Coffee with Samso many moons ago - (Blackstone Minerals Limited - Not just mining Nickel). I believe that in time, this will be well resourced and the ability to extract the nickel will proceed. To me, this is a critical element in ensuring that the downstream business is well fed. This is why I feel that Blackstone will be an investment that will become safer and clearer to those that are still sitting on the side lines. The other important element of the business is the geographic location. The third is the existing partners that are already in play. Watch this episode and I hope valuable insights will be your takeaways. Please continue to interact with Samso and let us know your thoughts on this episode and other upcoming episodes of Rooster Talks and Coffee with Samso. Chapters 00:00 Introduction 00:35 What is happening in Vietnam 01:36 Downstream Business is here to stay 03:44 The importance of your own product source 05:50 The busy drilling program in Vietnam 07:07 Low cost of working in Vietnam 08:43 News flow for Blackstone 10:34 What is a "Train" ? 12:16 Spin out from Blackstone Minerals - Codres Resources Limited (ASX: CDR) 12:49 Conclusion PODCAST About Scott Williamson Managing Director Blackstone Minerals Limited Qualifications: BEng (Mining), BCom, MAusIMM Scott Williamson is an experienced Managing Director with a demonstrated history of working in the mining and metals industry. He is skilled in Open Pit and Underground Mining, Corporate Finance, Investor Relations and Project Planning. A strong business development professional with equity capital markets experience, Scott graduated from West Australian School of Mines and Curtin University of Technology. Scott holds a WA First Class Mine Manager’s Certificate and is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. About Blackstone Minerals Limited Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) is developing the district-scale Ta Khoa Project in Northern Vietnam where the company is drilling out the large-scale Ban Phuc Nickel-PGE deposit. The Ta Khoa Nickel-PGE Project has existing modern mine infrastructures built to International Standards including a 450ktpa processing plant and permitted mine facilities. Blackstone Minerals also owns a large landholding at the Gold Bridge project within the BC porphyry belt in British Columbia, Canada with large scale drill targets prospective for high-grade gold-cobalt-copper mineralisation. In Australia, Blackstone Minerals is exploring for nickel and gold in the Eastern Goldfields and gold in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Blackstone Minerals has a board and management team with a proven track record of mineral discovery and corporate success. The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project is located 160 km west of Hanoi in the Son La Province of Vietnam and includes an existing modern nickel mine built to Australian standards, which is currently under care and maintenance. The Ban Phuc nickel mine successfully operated as a mechanised underground nickel mine from 2013 to 2016. In the Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project, previous project owners invested more than US$136m in capital and generated US$213m in revenue during a 3.5-year period of falling nickel prices. The project was placed into care and maintenance in mid-2016 during some of the lowest nickel prices in the past 10 years. Existing infrastructure associated with the project includes an internationally-designed 450 ktpa processing plant connected to local hydro grid power with a fully-permitted tailings facility and a modern 250-person camp. Since commencing maiden drilling in August 2019, Blackstone Minerals has made significant progress at Ta Khoa, drilling over 9,000 m of diamond core in more than 47 holes into the Ban Phuc DSS deposit and the highly prospective King Cobra discovery zone. An initial scoping study evaluating mining and processing options is well advanced, including potential in-country downstream processing to deliver high-value nickel sulfate into Asia’s rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry. The recently announced MOU with Asia’s largest and the world’s second-largest EV battery cathode manufacturer, Ecopro BM Co Limited represents a significant step towards making this a reality. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Rooster Talk Episode 39 is with Allan Ritchie, Chief Executive Officer - Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD) The Truth Machine is one month away. In this episode of Rooster Talk, Allan Ritchie reiterates the commitment by management to ensure a methodical approach to exploration in Tanzania. The drilling program is still on schedule to start in June. A unique aspect of management in Adavale Resources is that they are being paid in shares. I like this as it aligns everyone with the shareholders. Chapters 00:10 Introduction 00:38 Update from Allan Ritchie 04:54 Management Quality 08:54 Why Tanzania is a good place to be now. 13:06 New Flow 16:22 Conclusion The ongoing field exploration in Tanzania has highlighted some interesting results within the target areas. The continuing geophysical interpretation is preparing the company for fifteen targets that will be of interest when drilling commences. We will deliver drilling in June and imminent results will give shareholders some joy for their patience. PODCAST Download this eBook This is a good time to download the first Ebook (FREE) from Samso as it is all about VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides). About Allan Ritchie - Chief Executive Officer Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD) Allan graduated from the University of Technology in Sydney in 1986 with a Bachelor of Business and subsequently attained a post graduate Diploma in Applied Finance from the Financial Services Institute of Australia. Allan’s distinguished career spans 30 years in both the energy and resources sectors, in investment banking and leadership roles in both private and publicly listed companies. Allan currently serves as Non-Executive Director of ASX listed Hydrocarbon Dynamics Limited (HCD:ASX) and has previously served as Executive Director and Deputy CEO of HK Listed energy group EPI Holdings Limited (0689.HKEX). Allan’s investment banking background includes structuring commercial transactions in the energy and resources sector. Senior roles include positions within Westpac, ANZ Bank, HSBC and BNP Paribas in Australia, London, New York and Asia Pacific. Allan’s career achievements have been recognised several times in BRW’s annual poll of bankers. About Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD) Adavale Resources Limited (ADD) holds 100% of the Kabanga Jirani Nickel Project (“the Project”) consisting of six granted licences and one application covering nearly 1145km2. These licences are adjacent and along strike from the world’s largest undeveloped nickel sulphide resource, namely The Kabanga Deposit which contains a measured, indicated and inferred resource of 58Mt @ 2.62% Ni (Barrick and Glencore, 2014). The ADD licences are located along a trend of mafic/ultramafic intrusions known as the Kabanga Musongati belt and contain Nickel Sulphide ores and PGE concentrations. Project 1 – Nickel – Kabanga Jirani Nickel Project, Tanzania Adavale Resources Limited also holds 100% of the Lake Surprise Project with three exploration tenements covering nearly 396 km2 within part of the highly prospective sedimentary uranium province within the northern part of the Lake Frome Embayment. These tenements lie within a flat, semi-arid landscape located just to the north of the Flinders Range in South Australia. These include EL 5892 comprising 92km2 , EL 5893 comprising 167km2 and EL 5644 of 137km2. These are known as the: Jubilee Prospect Mookwarinna Prospect Canegrass Swamp Prospect Project 2 – Uranium – Lake Surprise, South Australia The Lake Surprise Project Area is located in South Australia, 550km north of Adelaide, and 70km East of Marree. The company holds 3 tenements, EL5892, EL5893, and EL5644 with a total area of 396 km2. Adavale explored the original tenements in this area between 2007 and 2011 with 486 holes drilled in that period. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. About Samso Keep us informed too! Please let us know your thoughts and send us any comments to info@samso.com.au. Remember to Subscribe to our YouTube Channel, Samso Media and our mail list to stay informed and make comments where appropriate. Other than that, you can also give us a Review on Google. Samso-Brilliant Distribution Partnership Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

Rooster Talk Episode 40 is with Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director - Thor Mining Plc (ASX: THR) Nicole Galloway Warland has been appointed as the new Managing Director of Thor Mining PLC. This appointment is in tune with the renewed market sentiment for the company. Since our first encounter with Thor Mining, I have been very keen to follow the progress of their projects. Of particular interest to me is their Copper ISR project as well as their gold, uranium and tungsten stories. There is plenty to learn but my main interest lies in the Copper ISR project in South Australia. Nicole shares with us what is happening in terms of making this project. I feel that if the ISR process is deemed feasible, THR will suddenly become a copper producer without the onerous task of raising significant funds to make this happen. Chapters 00:10 Introduction 00:36 Nicole Updating on Company Activities 01:05 What is happening with the Copper project 02:15 Kapunda Copper Project Update 02:53 Over 400K tonnes of Copper on offer. 03:26 What's new in the field? 04:24 What's happening with the Uranium project? 05:26 The new Uranium Plants 06:04 Vanadium Taste 06:41 Uranium Style 07:34 What are the Capital markets telling you? 08:47 What's the strategy going forward? 10:15 Upside of Uranium project 11:08 Uranium and ISR Copper strategy 11:56 ISR is all about ESG 12:30 Conclusion PODCAST Download this eBook This is a good time to download the first Ebook (FREE) from Samso as it is all about VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides). About Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director Thor Mining Plc (ASX:THR) Geologist Nicole Galloway Warland has worked in the mining and exploration industry for more than a quarter of a century in Australia, Eastern Europe and South America since graduating from Sydney’s University of Technology. Nicole's experience spans grassroots exploration through to project evaluation, encompassing both open cut and underground mining, with a focus predominantly on gold, copper-gold, base metals, nickel, uranium, and lithium. About Thor Mining Plc (LON:THR and ASX:THR) Thor Mining PLC is an exploration and development company with an advanced tungsten/molybdenum project poised for development, and exciting copper and gold projects, both advanced and early stages, with the potential to generate significant investor value. Thor also holds an advanced tungsten/molybdenum project ready for development. Thor has projects in Australia in the Northern Territory, Western Australia, and South Australia. Thor also owns the Pilot Mountain tungsten project in Nevada USA, and uranium and vanadium exploration claims in Colorado and Utah. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. About Samso Keep us informed too! Please let us know your thoughts and send us any comments to info@samso.com.au. Remember to Subscribe to our YouTube Channel, Samso Media and our mail list to stay informed and make comments where appropriate. Other than that, you can also give us a Review on Google. Samso-Brilliant Distribution Partnership Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

Coffee with Samso Episode 84 with Bronwyn Barnes, Executive Chairman of Indiana Resources Limited (ASX: IDA), is all about searching for Lasseter's Reef in the Gawler Craton. What attracted me to Indiana Resources were the projects they operated in the Gawler Craton. In the mid to late 1990s, the Gawler Craton was the place to be for mineral explorers. Discoveries such as Prominent Hill were made in 2001 and got the attention of many companies that were driven to seek further resources. Discoveries were being made but reality soon set in. Investors came to understand and realise that the remoteness and the lack of infrastructure were not aligned to market volatility. Interest in this region eventually faded away and funding was not easy to source for support of any concepts. This led to the Gawler Craton story to being unloved over time. Interestingly enough, it is this exact stage of the story that gets me all excited. Nearly two decades of neglect in this region has now created a situation of a new frontier in Australia's backyard. Can you imagine the area in and around Challenger having no other major resource of mines? A similar situation around any of the other major mines and you would see numerous mining activities. Indiana Resources is one of only four players in the region and they are already showing successful drilling results. They are now discovering what explorers discovered in Kalgoorlie region, Murchison region, Menzies, Laverton ... and the list goes on. As we discussed in the video, there is no guarantee of success but I would say that there are definitely some good signs of success. When I think of the Gawler Craton in a nutshell, I am also thinking of the big style deposits like Olympic Dam, Prominent Hill, Challenger and a recent discovery called Paris. I think of IOCG and what comes to mind is the need for a large exploration budget. To me, the Gawler Craton is one of the last frontiers in Australia where a mineral province will be discovered. Chapters 00:10 Introduction 00:35 Bronwyn Introduces Indiana Resources 02:02 The Gawler Craton Projects 03:50 Lack of exploration activities in the Gawler Craton 05:39 The excitement of Minos 07:53 The blank canvas of the Indiana Resource projects 09:46 Other commodities within the projects 11:07 The unimaginable size of the projects 12:36 The prospectivity of the region has not been realised 13:54 What is the market for these type of projects? 16:05 The rise of the African Economy 17:50 The Tanzanian Story 22:35 The Arbitration is fully funded 23:49 Where is the funding coming from? 24:34 Change in Presidency - will that affect the Arbitration 25:32 Foreign Investment and African Politics 26:37 Free Option to $95M 27:07 News Flow 29:23 Why Samso likes Indiana 30:34 Conclusion PODCAST About Bronwyn Barnes Executive Chairman Bronwyn has had an extensive career in the resources sector, having worked with companies ranging from Western Mining Corporation and BHP to emerging juniors in directorship, executive leadership, and operational roles in Australia and internationally. Bronwyn is currently Non-Executive Chair of Indiana Resources (ASX:IDA), Non-Executive Director of Synergy (Electricity Generation and Retail Corporation), a Non-Executive Director of Scorpion Minerals Pty Ltd (ASX:SCN) and an Independent Director of Perth Racing. Bronwyn is also a member of the Executive Council of the Association of Mining and Exploration Companies (AMEC) and a Member of the Board of Management of the Foundation for St Mary’s Anglican Girls School. About Indiana Resources Limited Indiana Resources Limited (ASX:IDA) is an Australian-based gold exploration company focused on advancing its portfolio of exploration tenements in the highly prospective Central Gawler Craton Gold Province in South Australia. Indiana’s ground position in the Gawler Craton covers 5,090 km² – with the Company’s tenements strategically located between the historic gold mining centres of Tunkillia and Tarcoola. The Central Gawler Craton has outstanding potential for the discovery of significant gold deposits, as indicated by the Tunkillia deposit (588,000 ounce gold resource), which adjoins the southern edge of Indiana’s portfolio and the historical mining centre of Tarcoola, which adjoins the northern edge of Indiana’s portfolio, where historic production and current resource total approximately 190,000 ounces. Indiana is also the major shareholder of Ntaka Nickel Holdings Ltd and Nachingwea UK Ltd (both incorporated in the United Kingdom) which historically held the licences for the Ntaka Hill Nickel Project through its 100% owned subsidiary Nachingwea Nickel Ltd. The Ntaka Hill Nickel Project is an advanced nickel sulphide project that is development ready. In early 2020, the Companies advised the Tanzanian Government that a dispute had arisen in relation to the cancellation of the Retention Licence for Ntaka Hill. Indiana is the manager of the Joint Venture for the Project and is leading activities to progress a Claim to Arbitration against the Government of Tanzania for the illegal expropriation and loss of the Ntaka Hill Nickel Project. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) Deposits Explained In simple terms, Volcanic-associated Massive Sulphide (VMS) deposits are caused by underground metal-rich volcanoes rising and creating a cooking environment. I suggest you download this eBook which explains the VMS and How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso-Brilliant Distribution Partnership Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

Coffee with Samso Episode 85 with Paul Wittwer, Exploration Manager of Southern Gold Limited (ASX: SAU) is all about Epithermal Gold Deposits and chasing high-grade gold in South Korea. When I think about Southern Gold Limited (ASX: SAU) with its Korean strategy, it reminds me of the same story as Gold Road Resources Limited (ASX: GOR). Gold Road picked up the Yamana Greenstone Belt, a suite of rocks believed to be in the wrong geochronological sequence for gold mineralization. However, after systematic exploration, millions of ounces of gold have been discovered. Southern Gold Limited is currently the only player in South Korea. The last major explorer in the country was Ivanhoe Mines Limited, a Canadian listed company that was very active almost 20 years ago. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Paul Witter shares with us his thoughts on geology, exploration, and the prospects of their Korean projects. Many investors find it hard to understand the principal concept of a mineral exploration company where geology is very important in the story. This concept of technical credibility is often lost in the market place as investors rush following commentaries of the share prices going up through herd mentality. There is no doubt that the market rush can be a factor in the share market, but, when you speak to those that have made money consistently over time in this murky industry, it has always been about the quality of the management and the technical narrative. In this episode, I explain what Epithermal geology is about and how Southern Gold is tackling the exploration steps. As we try to understand the style of Epithermal gold deposits, we will gain a good idea of why this is such a prospective strategy for investors looking at Southern Gold Limited. Chapter 00:10 Introduction 00:33 Paul Witter Introduction 02:03 South Korea as a mining jurisdiction 03:50 The Epithermal Style in South Korea 05:54 Lack of exploration in South Korea 07:35 Korea has good rock textures 09:39 Textures tell a better story 11:02 Why Korea is a great place to explore 13:02 Epithermal is more about Chemistry 14:08 Epithermal = closer to surface 16:29 What is Epithermal System 101 18:37 Epithermal geology = High Grade 20:26 What makes a good Epithermal deposit 22:52 Conclusion PODCAST About Paul Wittwer Exploration Manager BSc (Hons) Geol, MAIG, MAusIMM, MSEG Paul Wittwer is the Competent Person for Reporting of Exploration Results. Mr. Wittwer is a Geologist with over 15 years’ experience in exploration, mining and resource development. He has worked on Gold and Copper Projects in South Australia and Western Australia, low sulphidation epithermal systems (Eastern Australia, Thailand) and high sulphidation epithermal systems in Chile. Mr Wittwer has a broad experience of the full resources cycle, having performed both Senior Exploration Geologist and Senior Mine Geologist roles, taken exploration targets through to full production and reconciliation and was involved in the approvals process for the start-up of the Tarcoola Gold Mine. About Southern Gold Limited (view points from Simon Mitchell, Managing Director) Southern Gold Limited (ASX:SAU) is a company with one unified vision: to become an internationally recognized high-grade gold-silver project generator in South Korea. Southern Gold wants to be known for its highly professional technical team which has a reputation for making valuable discoveries in a manner that shows respect for its operating environment and the local people. Southern Gold drove this vision with a business model of monetizing small gold deposits while searching for the big ones. They are conservative with the issuance of their scrip and look to put as many dollars as possible into drilling holes to make the next big discovery. What does Southern Gold look for when looking at opportunities in the exploration space? We focus on gold, although we recognize that in the Korean context silver will be an important component of many of our projects. Gold is kind to small capitalisation companies due to its relatively low capital intensity to develop. We focus on high-grade gold opportunities. Grade is still king, and a high-grade deposit is a lot more forgiving than a low-grade one. It helps manage risk and provides a buffer for what is a fundamentally cyclical industry. Southern Gold likes being near infrastructure. If they find something small, there is a greater chance of still turning it into money. If they find something large, it will be all the more valuable for being close to that which will make its development happen at more modest capital cost. South Korea has incredible infrastructure and important project development advantages due to its advanced manufacturing sector. Southern Gold is not afraid to joint venture to those that know what they are doing. Southern Gold is a small company with a highly professional team. They do not have the large-scale execution capability in mining, while other larger or more specialist companies have teams at hand and the expertise to execute. They manage risk by getting them to do so. Southern Gold is principally guided by geology. Their business is the business of rocks, preferably rocks with precious metals. To find the world class deposit, they are better off starting with the most fundamental characteristic: geological provinces with the right tectonic architecture to allow gold deposits to form in the first place. South Korea is the ideal place to conduct this search. Pre 20th century, South Korea was well recognised as an historic gold producer. This profile has eased in the past several decades and so represents a “time capsule” gold industry that is poorly developed but was once substantial. Having said that, South Korea is a modern, industrialised economy, a representative democracy and has substantial infrastructure advantages. But the reason Southern Gold is in Korea is the geology: we are wedged between China and Japan in geological time, with subduction zone ‘ring of fire’ geology. In other words, it hosts some of the best plumbing systems in the world when looking for the emplacement of precious metal deposits. Our technical team believes South Korea is ripe for modern-style gold exploration and discovery. Southern Gold's Strategy Southern Gold is focused on the discovery of high-grade precious metal deposits in South Korea. And they are doing so in a two-pronged approach: A 'boots on the ground' grass roots exploration effort based on first principles geological assessment; and in parallel a focus on drill testing early to either elevate or degrade a project in the portfolio. As they progress these two approaches the quality of their South Korean portfolio will improve with time, ultimately to the point where they can either vend a portion or all of the position and/or look to joint venture to a major gold company when they wish to take the portfolio to the next level. Of course, if one or more of the projects is well suited to a major drilling campaign and the rapid expansion of a JORC resource they will do this 'in house'. Over the next 3 to 5 years they believe that several new gold discoveries will be possible and the potential for significant JORC resources (high quality, high grade gold ounces) will be unlocked during this period. Strategically speaking, we are looking for another 'Hishikari' - one of the longest running, highest grade gold mines in the world, situated just across the strait in Japan - a 'Tier 1' world class deposit. Why invest in Southern Gold? If you are looking for: a junior company with a tight capital structure that is well funded and well supported by its major cornerstone shareholders; a significant exploration ground position in a very safe offshore jurisdiction in South Korea, where security of tenure is extremely high; a footprint of exploration ground that has the fundamental geological architecture for the emplacement of precious metal deposits; a focus on getting and developing the right people with a view to building a culture of technical excellence; a company with a modern sensitive exploration culture that respects local stakeholders and protects the environment; and is on the cusp of confirming not one but perhaps several new high-grade gold-silver discoveries; then Southern Gold is the company for you and your equity market investment! VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) Deposits Explained In simple terms, Volcanic-associated Massive Sulphide (VMS) deposits are caused by underground metal-rich volcanoes rising and creating a cooking environment. I suggest you download this eBook which explains the VMS and How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso-Brilliant Distribution Partnership Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

Coffee with Samso Episode 86 with Matt Boyes, CEO of TNT Mines Limited (ASX: TIN) is all about how a mineral explorer adds value for shareholders. TNT Mines Limited (ASX: TIN) is drilling and looking at increasing the value of an old historical gold mine. The last time the mine was operated was in the 1990s so with the rising gold price and sentiment, this would make an interesting project. The company has been very active in putting money into the ground and it is interesting to watch the slow value adding process. As we all know, exploration is a marathon and this is something investors need to understand. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Matt Boyes tells us frankly about the ins and outs of mineral exploration. The company has drilled up to 11,000m at the Eureka project so this will make some interesting resource in the near future. Chapter 00:10 Introduction 00:40 All about TNT Mines 02:04 What is the upside for Eureka? 04:57 What is different from the current market sentiment compared to the 1990s? 08:06 Decisions are easier to make nowadays as companies have more money. 09:43 Is the market more responsive now? 11:00 Prospect of the Warriedar Gold Project 14:02 Warriedar Gold Project is within a good area 14:58 More money leads to more discoveries 15:56 What are the plan(s) of the company? 18:17 Management of TNT Mines Limited 20:27 News Flow 22:09 More legs to this commodity run 22:37 Positive implications of a rising gold price for Eureka 23:12 Conclusion PODCAST About Matt Boyes CEO BSc (Hons) Geol, MAIG, MAusIMM, MSEG Mr. Boyes is a qualified geologist and fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy with 25 years’ industry experience and a strong background in mineral resource estimation, project development and operations management. He recently served as Chief Operating Officer for AIM-listed Patagonia Gold, successfully overseeing the construction of two stand-alone gold-silver heap leach projects in southern Argentina. About TNT Mines Limited TNT Mines is focused on the evaluation and development of undervalued, large-scale mining and brownfields exploration assets in tier one jurisdictions of Australia and North America. In September 2020, TNT announced the acquisition of Warriedar Mining Pty Ltd, owner of the Eureka and Warriedar Gold Projects in Western Australia. Both Eureka and Warriedar have a history of gold production, are located close to established infrastructure including operating gold mills and demonstrate the potential for the rapid delineation of shallow high-grade gold resources. In May 2020, TNT acquired 100% of the East Canyon uranium-vanadium project in San Juan County, Utah. East Canyon is located 50km north via a major highway from the only conventional fully permitted and operating uranium mill in the US and the project claims contain multiple historic workings with visible mineralisation. TNT also owns the Pelley Ridge zinc project in Montana and a greenfields exploration project in Western Australia’s Yilgarn gold district. In progressing all its projects, the Company prioritises responsible environmental management and genuine consultation with local communities. VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) Deposits Explained In simple terms, Volcanic-associated Massive Sulphide (VMS) deposits are caused by underground metal-rich volcanoes rising and creating a cooking environment. I suggest you download this eBook which explains the VMS and How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso-Brilliant Distribution Partnership Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

An Existing Mineralised System Having worked in the mineral resource industry for the last thirty years, I have seen and learnt a lot about the ins and outs of this industry. I remember asking an associate ten years ago why he knows so much about all the different projects. His answer was ... "Been there; Done that". Once you have been in this industry for that length of time, you will begin to see the tress from the forest every time a new project comes to the surface. Recently, I completed two Coffee with Samso with: Riedel Resources Limited (ASX: RIE) - The Kingman Gold and Silver Project - Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) and New World Resources Limited (ASX: NWC) - A VMS Story - The Antler High-Grade Copper Project - New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC). I have learnt a lot from my research when preparing for those Coffee with Samso. I have always known that the North American continent is awash with compelling and giant projects, but I have never paid much attention to the stories there. As they say, there is always something to learn and one never stops being hungry to gain knowledge. In 2018, I had my first introduction to real gold projects from the United States. That was when an associate showed me a couple of projects in Montana. It was small scale but had great geology and potential. I was intrigued why and how this was still in the hands of a small cap company. Over the years, I have heard much about how there were many great projects in the US that one could get one's hands on, but like everything else that is far away. These thoughts inevitably turn into a case of "out of sight, out of mind". Figure 1: The Congress Mine lasted for decades and was the pride of Arizona (source: www.howtofindgoldnuggets.com) The two projects were the US Grant and the Kearsarge gold projects that were held by Transatlantic Mining Corporation (TCO:TSX.V). These two projects are currently in the process of being sold to Endomines (Nasdaq Stockholm: ENDO and Nasdaq Helsinki: ENDOM). From what I remember, the Kearsarge project was being promoted then as having the potential of over 500,000 ounces. These two projects are evidence of good geological projects in the US. It is simply a matter of being active in this space and doing business in a foreign jurisdiction. I was told that it is easier to make these projects happen in the US than in Australia. I can attest to that thinking as when we were in New Zealand, it definitely was a lot easier while, perceptively, it was meant to be more difficult. The photo above of the Congress Mine reminds me of the many old photos of mining towns in Australia. When I did some research on this topic, there were countless photos that depict old mining towns just like those in Australia. Now, you would think that there would be many opportunities to create present-day mining provinces in the US. Not that there are none, it just feels that way for the non-initiated. We are talking about the likes of those that we see in Kalgoorlie, Murchison, Ballarat...etc. Associates shared with me that the reason why you do not see the establishment of newer mining towns is due to their tenure system. Apparently, it is hard to freely consolidate large acreage. There are still many opportunities in the US that are available to small companies and even individuals. You can imagine how my interest got piqued when I came across the projects that Riedel Resources Limited (ASX: RIE) and New World Resources Limited (ASX: NWC) announced. Mineralised Zones - The place to find the action As they say, the best place to find mineralisation is to go where all the cooking is happening. The subduction zones of the world are the main sources of mineralisation and all the biggest deposits are on these margins, or nearby anyway. Figure 2: The world location of the major mineralised systems. Source: [1] In Figure 2, you can see that the major mineralised regions are all placed in the margins of tectonic plates with big porphyry deposits. Some of the ones in China are not listed but I take it that is due to a lack of information, although they may not be classed as porphyry systems at the time of publication. The reason why I like Figure 2 is that porphyry deposits are almost always the biggest style of deposits. They are the mega deposits and it is a good illustration as to the amount of endowment and the amount of "bubbling" that is required to create these deposits. The thinking behind that is, the surrounding areas will also be accepted as "bubbling". So when you take a step down from the world to a country scale, you start to see with more clarity, the concentration of mineral systems along the margin I mentioned in Figure 2. As we take note of the other world margins in Figure 2, it is easy to recognise the "cooking pot" that are in these regions. It is not surprising that when you drill even further down to the project scale (Figure 4), you will see the density of workings, both big and small in these areas. As we all know, the mining of minerals has been happening this way before European migration into these regions. Figure 3: A map showing the occurrences of significant mineral deposits in the United States. The is a clear preference to the subducting plate on the west coast of the Northern American continent. Source [2]. In terms of looking at the local prospectivity, you can imagine the density of prospects all along the western margin of the US (Figure 3 and Figure 4). You can now see how influential these plate margins are in creating mineralising sequences. Remember that these margins are continuously mobilising and creating multiple events of deposition and re-mineralising to create the myriad of deposit types over time periods of millions of years (Figure 4). The La Caridad - Mineral Park Belt The Kingman (RIE) and Antler (NWC) project both lie within the La Caridad - Mineral Park belt which is the dominant northwest trending structural zone. The belt runs for about 650km and is host to several porphyry, VMS and epithermal deposits. The structure is commonly interrupted by northeast-trending features and these spots seem to be coincident with the porphyry plutons [3]. These belts are deep rooted and the region has been exposed to numerous mineralisation events. Figure 4: Map of the western United States cordillera showing ore deposits superimposed on major tectonic elements and Laramide igneous zones, sedimentary basins, and metamorphic belts. The western United States is divided into four generalised geologic provinces (boundaries shown as heavy solid and dashed lines): Pacific margin, Magmatic arc, Cordilleran fold and thrust belt and the Rocky Mountain foreland. The smallest and largest ore deposit symbols represent gross values of about $20 million and $60 billion, respectively. Intermediate sizes of symbols are based linearly on deposit gross values lying between these extreme values. The short dashed line in northern Utah and southern Wyoming shows a segment of the boundary between the Archean basement on the north and Proterozoic basement on the south. It should be noted that although Jurassic accretion and magmatism resulted in complex geologic terranes along the Pacific coastal states, during the Laramide, these regions experienced downwarping and basin development. Specific deposits discussed in the text include: B = Butte and C = Cannivan Gulch deposits in Montana; T = Thompson Creek deposit in Idaho (Modified from Miller et al., 1992). As you can see in below (Figure 5), both projects sit in an apparent corridor with the Mineral Park (Cu-Mo) mine, Copperstone Mine and the Moss Mine (Au). There are several smaller operations in the immediate area but these three major deposits will give a good flavour of what we are dealing with in terms of mineral prospectivity. Let's look at the three deposits to get some idea of how rich this region is for metalliferous geology and why I like the projects owned by Riedel Resources Limited (RIE) and New World Resources Limited (NWC). Figure 5: A map showing the two projects, the Kingman project and the Antler Copper project in the US that has been featured in recent episodes of Coffee with Samso in 2021. These two projects sit in a very mineralised system that has numerous events of deposition and are situated in a distinct structural corridor. Moss Mine source: [4] The Moss mine is a heap leach operation which is owned by Northern Vertex Mining Corporation (TSX-V: NEE). The Moss Mine is a great example of what the local mineralising fluids are producing. It is a gold play that is using heap leach process to extract gold. Geology of the Moss Mine The host rock for the Moss deposit is the Moss porphyry, a uniform monzonite to quartz monzonite porphyry intrusion. It is coarse grained with 4 mm to 10 mm diameter plagioclase phenocrysts with biotite and lesser hornblende. There is also a fine-grained quartz monzonite porphyry, with 1 mm to 2 mm diameter plagioclase phenocrysts with minor biotite and minor magnetite, which is a later phase intrusive that cross-cuts the coarse porphyry and forms an intrusive breccia matrix in places. The gold-silver mineralization is contained within three main veins and their associated stockworks: the dominant Moss Vein; a western extension of the Moss Vein (the “West Vein”); and the Ruth Vein to the south of the Moss Vein. Moss Mine Project drillhole logs and assay database indicate a potential for other mineralized veins that are both similar to and sub-parallel to the Ruth Vein. For purposes of geological domaining they have been termed Vein No. 4. The Moss mineralization is unique in comparison to many other epithermal deposits subject to heap leaching because, within the depths being exploited for mine operations, as they do not exhibit the traditional oxide-transition-sulphide boundaries. The sulphide zone is well below the maximum depth of mining. The primary mineralization consists of free gold in quartz and calcite veins. Resources of the Moss Mine Table 1: The Mineral Resources Estimate for the Moss Mine, Arizona. Source [4] According to the Northern Vertex website, "The Moss Mine is an open pit gold-silver operation, with a favourable strip ratio of approximately 1.85:1 (waste to ore) and minimal haul distances to the crushing plant. The most economic and effective way to process the ore is through crushing, agglomeration and heap leaching followed by processing at the on-site Merrill Crowe metal recovery plant and refinery to produce gold and silver doré bars. According to the Company's Feasibility Study (2015), throughput at the Moss Mine was expected to be 5,000 tonnes per day (tpd), however since commissioning was announced in 2018, throughput has been significantly higher due to exceptional performance of the crushing plant and operational team, which set a one-day throughput record of 13,000 tonnes. " Copperstone Mine The high-grade Copperstone Gold Mine is located in LaPaz County, in western Arizona, in the United States. It is within the Walker Lane mineral belt where it intersects gold provinces in Southern California and Western Arizona. Arizona Gold Corp. (TSX: AZG ; OTCQB: AGAUF) acquired the Copperstone gold mine located in Arizona in 2014. The mine is fully permitted with significant mining infrastructure, mineral resources and processing infrastructure in place. Between 1987 and 1993, the Copperstone mine produced up to 500,000 ounces of gold. Geology of the Copperstone Mine According to the website of Arizona Gold Corp, gold mineralization at Copperstone occurs principally within the moderate to low-angle Copperstone Fault which has been interpreted to be a listric fault associated with the underlying Moon Mountain detachment fault. Gold occurs as native flakes within fault breccia, gouge and shear zones related to the faulting. The wall and host rocks are typically Triassic sediments and Jurassic quartz latite volcanics. Gold is commonly associated with hematite, chlorite, quartz, manganese oxide and copper oxide mineralization. In the case of the Copperstone Mine, the gold is not encapsulated in sulphides or silica, and the ores do not contain active carbon. This means that the ores at Copperstone are not refractory. This is a consequence of the fact that these ores appear to be comprised of “original”, or “primary”, or “hypogene” oxides minerals. Figure 6: At the bottom of the Copperstone pit. (Source [8]) Mineral Park The Mineral Park orebody is associated with a complex of late Tertiary monzonitic rocks within two main stocks intruding Middle Proterozoic lithologies (Figure 6). Economic Cu mineralisation is only present within the supergene blanket, with hypogene grades of 0.1 to 0.15% Cu and 0.04% Mo. The deposit is located within north-western Arizona, about 125 km to the north-west of Bagdad and lies within the Arizona-New Mexico Basin and Range Province. [5] According to [6], the now delisted owner of Mineral Park, Mercator Minerals (TSX: ML; US-OTC: MLKKF), released an estimate of the reserves at Mineral Park in July 2013. The new estimate pegs reserves at 369 million tons (335 million tonnes) grading 0.12% copper, 0.037% moly and 0.08 oz. silver per ton. This replaces the previous estimate of 389 million tons (353 million tonnes) of 0.138% copper, 0.04% moly and 0.08 oz. silver. Tonnage has dropped by 5%, and copper and moly grades have slid by 13% and 8%. The latest reserve contains 876 million lb. copper, 273 million lb. moly and 31 million oz. silver. Another 72 million lb. copper will be recovered through leaching. This compares to the previous estimate of 1 billion lb. copper, 310 million lb. moly and 31 million oz. silver, plus another 86 million lb. copper estimated to be recovered from leach ore, notes Laurentian Bank Securities’ analyst Christopher Chang. Figure 6: Mineral Park mine from the air, 2008. [7] Large scale copper mining began in the old Mineral Park district in 1963 when Duval Corporation began the open pit operation. The mine changed hands and owners several times and was acquired by Mercator Mineral Park Holdings of British Columbia in 2003. In December 2014 the mine closed as the company filed for bankruptcy.[7] On January 20, 2015, it was reported that Origin Mining Company, a subsidiary of the Canadian company Waterton Global Resources who also own Elko Mining Group and Carlin Resources LLC in Nevada, had purchased the property. [7] What Does Mineralisation Mean For The Average Investor? On the 18th May 2021, Northern Vertex Mining Corporation (TSX-V: NEE) announced a drilling intercept of 28.96m at 2.28g/t Au and 28.84 g/t pf Ag which was part of the near mine exploration. This included the following, 9.15 meters grading 4.90 g/t Au and 57.18 g/t Ag for the Moss vein in drillhole AR20-359R 4.6 meters grading 4.01 g/t Au and 27.97 g/t Ag for the Ruth Vein in drillhole AR20-364R Drilling indicates consistent intersections of elevated gold and silver mineralization along more than 500 meters of the Ruth Vein, approximately 100 meters south of the crest of the Moss Center pit. In March 2021, Riedel Resoruces Limited announced the following results, 3.8m @ 98.9 g/t gold & 151 g/t silver from 20.6m including - 1.5m @ 230.8 g/t gold and 359g/t silver from 20.6m 1.5m @ 15.56 g/t gold & 29 g/t silver from 28.2m 4.6m @ 4.44 g/t gold & 7.8 g/t silver from 18.3m including - 2.3m @ 7.62 g/t gold & 12 g/t silver from 18.3m 4.6m @ 4.24 g/t gold from 10.7m and 2.3m @ 2.82 g/t from 29m 1.5m @ 11.46 g/t gold & 35 g/t silver from 20.6m 1.5m @ 39.3 g/t gold & 323 g/t silver from 37.3m 18.3m @ 2.22 g/t gold & 11g/t silver from 100.6m including - 4.6m @ 8.39 g/t gold & 39 g/t silver from 100.6m Figure 7: A schematic cross-section of the first drilling program by Riedel Resources Limited at the Tintic prospect. The results that Riedel announced in March 2021 have some consistency with those that were observed by Northern Vertex. As we all know, it is not appropriate to compare apples with oranges, but when you consider the potential spatial relationship the two projects have in terms of the structural corridor, you would have to consider this as a positive resemblance. When you look at the gold grades that were discovered at Tintic (Figure 7) and Merrimac (Figure 8), the first thing that came to my thoughts is that the fluids must be rich and the source must be able to sustain this kind of numbers. Scientifically, one cannot believe that this is a freak of random occurrence as the surrounding area appears to be carrying numbers too. Figure 8: A schematic cross-section of the first drilling program by Riedel Resources Limited at the Merrimac prospect. [10] What is of more interest to me is their second drilling program as they uncovered a couple of mineralised bodies (Figure 10). The first intercept was literally from the surface and the other around the 40m down the drill hole. The gold grade was not spectacular but the combination was VERY interesting. This program showed that the mineralised strike that Riedel has is prime for gold, silver, zinc, lead.... Smelling like a VMS to me :-) or a variation of something more exotic. The mix of metals is very interesting and as an every optimistic exploration geologist, I am smelling something more than a quartz vein with some gold. This second program triggered a lot of selling on the Riedel share price which was bizarre (Figure 9). To me, this was a fantastic result, you have just confirmed mineralisation further along strike. The results also boast confidence that your mineralisation is more widespread. In addition, the mixture of metals tells you that you have a very fertilised source and it is mineralising within your tenement boundary. Figure 9: Price chart for RIE. Source: [www.commsec.com.au] Another point is that the mineralisation is shallow, very shallow. A first up drilling program revealing consistent mineralisation but the market sold it down. The negative sentiment from the market tells me that there is a disconnect between what is in the ground and what the market understands is in play. I feel that the market is not appreciating the discovery and confirmation of mineralisation along strike. To get that kind of results on a first up drilling program has been misinterpreted as a failure. Hence, if investors see some merit with my interpretation of events, this may have brought a good entry value for new investors or those that have felt that they missed out previously. With a current market capitalisation of AUD18.51M (26th May 2021), thanks to the sell down, it makes an interesting value proposition. Figure 10: The Jims prospect drilling result. [10] Similarly, New World Resources announced the following on the 20th May 2021, Excellent results returned from the recently discovered “South Shoot”, including: 17.1m @ 3.3% Cu, 9.5% Zn, 1.2% Pb, 34.8g/t Ag and 0.16g/t Au from 396.2m (17.1m @ 5.5% Cu-equivalent*) in ANT56 – the deepest hole drilled to date in the South Shoot; and 11.1m @ 4.4% Cu, 9.7% Zn, 0.5% Pb, 29.6g/t Ag and 0.26g/t Au from 289.9m (11.1m @ 6.4% Cu-equivalent*) in ANT47 – approximately 250m up-dip from ANT56.  Impressive results also returned from the “Main Shoot”, including a total of 19.3m of mineralisation in the deepest hole New World has drilled to date, comprising: 14.3m @ 2.3% Cu, 6.8% Zn, 0.3% Pb, 22.4g/t Ag and 0.28g/t Au from 614.0m (14.3m @ 3.8% Cu-equivalent*) and 5.0m @ 2.2% Cu, 2.9% Zn, 0.1% Pb, 10.8g/t Ag and 0.27g/t Au from 639.3m (5.0m @ 2.7% Cu-equivalent*) in ANT53 Figure 11: . Long Section through the Antler Deposit showing the location of the Company’s drill holes (gold and green colours), with historical underground workings, historical drilling and select significant intersections in previous drilling (white text boxes). [9] When you add the results that New World announced to the mix of drilling results from Kingman and Moss, I cannot help but agree that this corridor, that previous authors have highlighted, is consistent to mineral mineralisation. There is no doubt in my mind that this corridor is abundantly mineralised. In their presentations and in the Coffee with Samso, Riedel and New World Resources talk about a long strike length of mineralisation and readers should look at that with more interest. Readers should keep thinking about the fluid action that is creating all the nice numbers. When you look at Figure 11, you should be able to get a good sense of what I am talking about. This long section view is one of the best methods of visualising how the potential ore body is plunging/dipping. So What Does All This Mean? If you look back at Figure 2, you would notice that Tintic was named and it was classified to have Ag, Pb, Zn and Cu. The drilling results that Riedel announced indicate similar metals being analysed. So if you deduce this as having similar source magma, then this should be expected. Tintic is along strike from Jim's (Figure 12) and there seems to be a "cluster" of mineralisation. Merrimac, which was part of the first drilling program, some high grade gold numbers too. So you have Antler which is an obvious VMS to the south, Tintic which has been classified as VMS-type at the very least and Jim's showing some VMS properties, the pieces seem to point to similar types of potential deposits. As we are moving up the perspective view (Figure 12), you will see the major copper mines (porphyry related) to the south and the potential of creating of clusters around the Kingman, Antler and Mineral Park region. I do realise that there is a fair bit of postulating happening here but from an exploration point of view, I cannot help but see the northwest corridor happening in the same way. I would say that if you looked at the local geology around each of those red dots to the south, you would most likely see similar things to Kingman and Antler. Figure 12: The spatial relationship between the Kingman and the Antler project. Conclusion I hope I have painted a good enough story to show the reasons why I think the La Caridad - Mineral Park Belt is a cooking pot for metal deposits. The presence of porphyry systems along this structural corridor which is obviously deeply sourced is the perfect machine to create numerous deposits stretching the whole 650km. It is no coincidence that in every part of the world where these tectonic margins exist, you get a lot of metals being precipitated out of the magma. The numerous porphyries being documented in the southern part of the La Caridad - Mineral Park belt is clear evidence of a fertilised system. The biggest issue for both companies is to keep finding money because they need the flow of funds to keep up with drilling. What I am confident is that they do not have to worry about finding mineralisation. References [1] - Sillitoe, R.H. 2010 Porphyry Copper Systems - Economic Geology V105, pp 3-41 [2] - Long, Keith R., DeYoung Jr, John H., Ludington Steve. 2000, Significant Deposits of Gold, Silver, Copper, lead, and Zinc in the United States, Economic Geology, Vol. 95, pp 629-644. [3] Hildenbrand T.G., Berger Byron, Jachens R.C., and Ludington Steve, 2000, Regional Crustal Structures and Their Relationship to the Distribution of Ore Deposits in the Western United States, Based on Magnetic and Gravity Data, Economic Geology, Vol. 95, pp 1583-1603. [4] www.northernvertex.com [5] www.portergeo.com.au [6] www.northernminer.com [7] Wikipedia [8] www.arizona-gold.com [9] www.newworldres.com Gratitude Patreon: This is a platform for supporting creators like me. Please consider helping out and pick your reward here: If you would spend some time and support Samso Insights, I would be totally appreciative. So please feel free to pick a reward, or simply chip in any amount that tickles your fancy :-) https://patreon.com/samsomedia Brilliant-Online: Our investment articles are also shared across Brilliant-Online magazine. Check out their investment column. 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