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I declared that Marylebone is a Discovery during Coffee with Samso Episode 118 with Allan Kelly, Executive Chair of Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) You will hear that Allan Kelly has actually made a discovery. This could be a fantastic time to take a position and await more results. Allan Kelly is an exploration geologist who has a proven record of discovering and taking the project to production with Doray Minerals Limited (ASX: DRM). Doray has merged with Silverlake Resources Limited (ASX: SLR) which adds more evidence to the value of Allan's work. While speaking with Allan, I believe that Miramar is the most prospective mineral explorer currently on the ASX. In our conversation, I declared that Marylebone is a Discovery. The results we discussed, in my opinion, leave no doubt in my mind that Allan has discovered a project which will deliver a potential economic discovery. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 01:23 Allan updates. 05:43 Why has Gidjie not been noticed? 10:47 Early signs of a Discovery. 14:04 Repetition of results is the Key. 15:12 Reasons why Marylebone is the Real Deal. 21:07 This is the time and place to be meticulous in Exploration. 22:45 Drilling testing negatives is an important part of Exploration. 24:52 The significance of Hole 96. 30:37 All the factors that make a Discovery. 31:20 This is a Discovery. 32:26 This is more than Smoke, you can see Flames. 34:20 Understanding the profile of the bedrock. 36:46 Upcoming drilling activities. 38:04 Marylebone is the place to chase an Economic Discovery. 38:46 The prospects of Glandore. 44:30 Market Cap is poised for uplift. 45:57 How Funds have been used. 49:02 Allan shares his last words. 51:12 Conclusions. PODCAST About Allan Kelly Executive Chairman Mr. Kelly is a geologist and manager with over 25 years’ experience in mineral exploration, development and production throughout Australia and the Americas. Mr. Kelly graduated in 1994 with a Bachelor of Science (with honours) in Applied Geology from Curtin University. He has been involved in targeting early-stage exploration of gold, nickel and copper deposits in Australia, Alaska and Canada and has previously held senior exploration positions within Western Mining Corporation and Avoca Resources Limited. He has also served as an Executive Director of Riversgold Ltd and a non-executive director of Alloy Resources Ltd. In 2009, Mr. Kelly founded Doray Minerals Limited, which listed on the ASX in early 2010. Under Mr. Kelly’s management, Doray discovered the high-grade Wilber Lode gold deposit within the Andy Well Project in the Murchison Region of Western Australia, which moved from discovery to production within three and a half years, and subsequently funded, constructed and commissioned the Deflector Gold-Copper Project within 14 months of completing the takeover of Mutiny Gold Limited in 2014. In 2014, Mr. Kelly was awarded the Association of Mining and Exploration Companies (AMEC) ‘Prospector Award’, along with Doray’s co-founder Mr. Heath Hellewell, for the discovery of the Wilber Lode and Andy Well gold deposits. Mr. Kelly is a Fellow and Former Councillor of the Association of Applied Geochemistry (AAG), a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (AIG) and a Member of the Institute of Brewing and Distilling (IBD). About Miramar Resources Limited (ASX:M2R) Miramar Resources Limited is a Western Australian focused mineral exploration company with projects in the Eastern Goldfields , the Murchison and Gascoyne regions. The portfolio of exploration projects has high potential for new gold discoveries within trucking distance of existing operations and for the discovery of nickel-copper-platinum group element (PGE) mineralisation. Miramar aims to create shareholder value through discovery and the Board has a proven track record of successful discovery, development and production. Latest ASX Announcements Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Share to Grow: Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook . If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information.  I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value.  It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au . About Samso

Coffee with Samso Episode 119 with Alex Biggs, CEO of Critical Resources Ltd (ASX: CRR). The value that shareholders get exposed to from Critical Resources Limited is that the company has both critical metals - Lithium and Zinc. As our world move toward Zero Emission, the need for taking positions in these metals become essential. In this episode of Coffee with Samso Alex Biggs gives us a rundown on the new Mavis Lake Lithium project and the Halls Peak Base Metal project. When I first looked at Critical Resources Limited, I was interested in the Halls Peak project as there is some good indication of zinc mineralisation. I like the fact that there is a lot of good historical indication of a zone of mineralisation. The addition of a high-grade lithium project to the portfolio is a smart move. I hear that there is a surge of lithium plants to a point that there are insufficient resources to build these plants. Engineering firms tell me that it is almost impossible to build at the required speed. If the demand for lithium follows the market narrative, the acquisition of a lithium project in Canada is perfect. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 00:54 We hear from Alex Biggs. 02:04 What is the story of Mavis Lake? 03:51 Good project. 05:23 How do you evaluate projects? 07:16 What is the thought on the Lithium market? 09:11 Good to have a Chairman that builds a business. 11:07 What is next for the Mavis Lake Project. 13:30 Feedback from the DD about the Lithium project. 15:00 The wonders of Zinc. 17:13 Potential of Halls Peak. 19:44 Discovery will create value for Critical Resources. 21:11 Potential of NSW projects? 22:29 Supply and Demand news for Zinc. 25:23 Why base metals will be the real flavour. 27:50 No Emission is driving the mineral resource market. 30:30 Potential upcoming news. 32:04 Last Words 33:42 Conclusion PODCAST About Alex Biggs Chief Executive Officer Alex Biggs is a qualified Mining Engineer, educated at the Western Australian School of Mines. He has experience in operations, consulting and finance with a focus on feasibility studies, financial modelling, project evaluation and project management. He also has experience in capital raising, both equity and debt as well as deal structuring and significant commercial expertise. Alex has a strong focus on underground and open-pit hard rock mining in multiple commodities. He has held various positions at companies including Venturex Resources, Palisade Capital Corporation, Barrick Gold as well as Principal positions in consultancy and advisory capacities. Alex joins Critical Resources as Chief Executive Officer to further the company’s assets and build a strong, sustainable future for the company and its shareholders. About Critical Resources Limited (ASX: CRR) Critical Resources Limited is a base metals exploration and development focused company headquartered in Perth, Western Australia and is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX: CRR). The Company has the Halls Peak Base Metal Project in NSW and has recently acquired the Mavis Lake Lithium Project in Canada. Mavis Lake Lithium Project The Mavis Lake Lithium Project is 19 kilometres east of the town of Dryden, Ontario. The Project is in close vicinity to the Trans-Canada highway and railway major transportation arteries linking larger cities such as Thunder Bay, Ontario, to the southeast and Winnipeg, Manitoba, to the west. The region boasts excellent infrastructure with hydro-power located a few kilometres to the southwest of the project. The region is a well-established lithium province with multiple projects located within the vicinity. Previous drill programs have yielded high-grade Li2O intercepts including 55.25m at 1.04% Li2O from 80.75m in drill hole MF18-531,4 and 26.30m at 1.70% Li2O from 111.9m inc. 7.70m at 2.97% Li2O from 130.5m in drill hole MF17‐491,3 presenting significant exploration potential. Latest ASX Announcements - Lithium Project Acquisition ESS: Sale of Mavis Lake Lithium JV Interest Canadian High Grade Lithium Asset Binding Terms Sheet Signed Airborne Survey to Start Immediately at Mavis Lake Lithium Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Share to Grow: Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information.  I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value.  It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso stories are also featured on Brilliant-Online. Read their investment column and subscribe to Brilliant-Online so you don't miss a beat.

Coffee With Samso Episode 112 with Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX). The release of the Sustainability Report by Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) should indicate to investors that the end is near. The company is putting on the table the transparency of their activities and its intent on making this an industry-leading business. In today's Coffee with Samso, Anna Cranney, who is the Social Performance Lead for Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) returns to give us an insight into what this report is all about. The content of the report may put many to sleep, but when you hear the context of the report as investors, this gives me a great deal of confidence that the company is looking to make a statement. "Blackstone is looking to lead the industry and show through its transparency its intent on creating an ESG relevant, ESG leading business that creates a truly sustainable investment which has a World leading responsible nature for all stakeholders of the business." - Samso Tune in to find out how Anna Cranney and the Blackstone team will deliver the ESG platform from theory to practice. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:16 The Sustainability Report 03:32 Is this Report a New Concept? 04:41 Is this report a Standard Operating Procedure document? 09:39 A brief of the content of the report. 14:56 How is Blackstone backing up with their claim to be an ESG champion? 16:11 Was ESG already in the marketplace? 19:20 Is it hard to get all stakeholders to conform to the Report? 23:20 Balancing the needs of local Vietnamese community against corporate. 26:35 Is the implementation of the report harder in Reality? 27:37 Are we overdoing ESG? 27:14 What is the cost of ESG? 33:43 What is the perception of the cost of ESG? 36:10 Sustainable Responsible Investments is ESG. 37:49 Conclusion PODCAST About Anna Cranney Social Performance Lead with Blackstone Minerals Limited Education: Bachelor of Education/Arts from the University of QLD; Graduate Certificate in International Education from the University of Sydney; Certificate IV in Training and Assessment; Diploma of Training Design and Development, RMIT; Graduate Certificate in Social Impact from UWA and the Centre for Social Impact. Anna Cranney hails from Goondiwindi in Queensland but moved to Perth a number of years ago to work within the extractives sector. She has over 13 years of experience working social performance, capacity building and community development programs. A decade of this has been time spent working regularly in Timor-Leste. Ms Cranney has worked across industries and sectors including oil and gas, construction, education, not-for-profits, and in the aid and development sector. Her passion is in embedding impact-focussed ESG programs across technical teams and operations on major projects, and helping the extractives sector use a partnership approach with communities and not-for-profits to deliver long-term outcomes. Anna has recently joined the Blackstone Minerals team to continue to develop their ‘green nickel’ strategy and embed ESG across the business, with a particular focus on their Ta-Khoa project in Northern Vietnam. About Blackstone Minerals Limited Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) is developing the district-scale Ta Khoa Project in Northern Vietnam where the company is drilling out the large-scale Ban Phuc Nickel-PGE deposit. The Ta Khoa Nickel-PGE Project has existing modern mine infrastructures built to International Standards including a 450ktpa processing plant and permitted mine facilities. Blackstone Minerals also owns a large landholding at the Gold Bridge project within the BC porphyry belt in British Columbia, Canada with large scale drill targets prospective for high-grade gold-cobalt-copper mineralisation. In Australia, Blackstone Minerals is exploring for nickel and gold in the Eastern Goldfields and gold in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Blackstone Minerals has a board and management team with a proven track record of mineral discovery and corporate success. The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project is located 160 km west of Hanoi in the Son La Province of Vietnam and includes an existing modern nickel mine built to Australian standards, which is currently under care and maintenance. The Ban Phuc nickel mine successfully operated as a mechanised underground nickel mine from 2013 to 2016. In the Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project, previous project owners invested more than US$136m in capital and generated US$213m in revenue during a 3.5-year period of falling nickel prices. The project was placed into care and maintenance in mid-2016 during some of the lowest nickel prices in the past 10 years. Existing infrastructure associated with the project includes an internationally-designed 450 ktpa processing plant connected to local hydro grid power with a fully-permitted tailings facility and a modern 250-person camp. Since commencing maiden drilling in August 2019, Blackstone Minerals has made significant progress at Ta Khoa, drilling over 9,000 m of diamond core in more than 47 holes into the Ban Phuc DSS deposit and the highly prospective King Cobra discovery zone. An initial scoping study evaluating mining and processing options is well advanced, including potential in-country downstream processing to deliver high-value nickel sulfate into Asia’s rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry. The recently announced MOU with Asia’s largest and the world’s second-largest EV battery cathode manufacturer, Ecopro BM Co Limited represents a significant step towards making this a reality. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information.  I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value.  It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso stories are also featured on Brilliant-Online. Read their investment column and subscribe to Brilliant-Online so you don't miss a beat.

Coffee with Samso Episode 117 is with James Hill, Chief Operating Officer of Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG) This episode is about the building of a vertically integrated medical business by Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG). The Scan To Surgery Business is the future of affordable Tier 1 medical solutions for everyone that needs it, and not just for those who can afford them. Singular Health is a medical technology story which utilises artificial intelligence to allow precision surgeries at a more efficient timeline. In our very first Coffee with Samso, 3D Medical Imaging - Taking Health Care to the next Dimension: Singular Health Group Ltd (ASX: SHG), we learnt that the company was bringing 3D imaging to the market. Since then, as we learn in this episode, that model has changed. In my opinion, this change is a stroke of genius as it is now a business that allows existing practitioners to create more value for themselves and their patients. Using the Scan To Surgery concept is the way to go as it means all stakeholders within the industry will have value added to their position in the chain. Practitioners will be more efficient and can provide better service for their patients. Patients will be able to have more information, have a better understanding and be exposed to more cost-efficient processes. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:28 James updates on Singular Health. 02:44 The Vertical Integration Process. 07:30 Who is the market? 08:38 The Scan To Surgery Story. 09:46 The Sequence of Scan To Surgery. 12:50 It is all about Patient Specific Implants and Medicine. 13:02 The Vertical Integration Story. 14:24 What Stage is the Business? How accurate is the Precision? 17:32 Is Singular Health at proof of reliability? 18:10 SHG wants software to be accessible worldwide. 18:24 Large Market for Business. 19:43 The Scan To Surgery process is not common practice. 21:29 SHG is all about Reducing Time from The Scan to the Surgery. 22:16 APPROVALS is for SOFTWARE not medical/biotechnical products that need lengthy Clinical Trials. 22:56 The Singular Health Business seems EASY. 26:07 What's the Competition and Who are your Peers? 30:50 The Osteopore Relationship. 34:25 Osteopore will use SHG software. 35:42 Reconfirmation that the SHG software, AI is not a common feature in the marketplace. 36:22 The process of acceleration in the Scan To Surgery procedure is unique to Singular Health. 37:20 The benefits of Patient Specific Medicine. 40:25 Potential Investors Exit could be an M&A process. 41:33 Last Words from James Hill. 42:26 Conclusion PODCAST About Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG) Singular Health develops better health literacy with the ability to access, understand and use information to make medical decisions, and take action about health and healthcare. With the help of its core proprietary technology, the Volumetric Rendering Platform (VRP), 2D medical imagery can be converted into volumetric 3D models which can be visualised, manipulated, modified and reviewed using a standard monitor or by utilising virtual reality. As an example, the VRP can convert a standard 2D axial view of a thorax into a 3D volume rendered thorax that can be viewed and manipulated in virtual reality. 2D images can be stacked to provide depth and can therefore be viewed in 3D. The core value proposition of the VRP is that it: (i) allows for the real-time conversion of medical imaging data (allowing end-users to volume render 2D data, typically within 120 seconds from the time the imaging file is available); (ii) possesses in-situ processing capabilities and does not rely upon any internet connectivity and/or external code libraries or processing to convert images from 2D to 3D, which acts to both protect patient confidentiality and enable off-line usage of the technology in remote and rural locations; (iii) assists in the integration of Singular Health’s technology into the medical and education markets and workflows, any alterations, measurements, screenshots or videos (derivatives of the main scan) are saved in industry standard file formats (.obj, .stl, .json, .jpeg, .mp4). This not only makes derivative information much more transferable and viewable on traditional 2D DICOM viewers but also permits the usage of files in third party computer-aided design packages and media viewers whilst still preserving the proprietary nature of the rapid volumetric rendering; (iv) allows end-users to experience a fully-immersive viewing experience with 360° viewing and in some instances the inclusion of a 4th dimension, which is the time taken to perform a virtual surgical action and/or review 4D scans (such as functional MRIs); (v) is designed to operate using the graphics processing capabilities of high-end yet retail grade hardware, including Alienware laptops, thin-client desktops and Oculus Rift S virtual reality headsets. The combined cost of the hardware is approximately $5,000 resulting in a low capital expenditure by end-users; and (vi) can be integrated with picture archiving and communications systems within hospital and clinical environments to provide easy, industry-standard access to the medical imagery used as inputs for the software. The Directors believe that the VRP provides multiple opportunities for growth through the development of surgical visualisation and planning products, patient education products and geological and resources focused products. About James Hill James is an experienced professional in the commercial technology sector, having held directorships with a number of private companies. James graduated from the University of Western Australia with a Bachelor of Commerce (Marketing and Management) and has since worked on a number of projects across the fields of finance, engineering and marketing. Previously the Managing Director of a digital marketing agency for 3.5 years and with corporate experience, he provides key and strategic advice on digital marketing, investor relations and go-to-market strategy. James has also worked with corporate advisory firms in Perth providing business planning and financial modelling services. Over the past decade, he has produced one of Australia's most efficient manned electric vehicle and has a broad technical background with hardware and software that he applies in his role within Singular Health liaising between the development, management, and sales teams. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Share to Grow If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information.  I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value.  It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Keep us informed too! Please let us know your thoughts and send us any comments to info@samso.com.au. Remember to Subscribe to our YouTube Channel, Samso Media and our mail list to stay informed and make comments where appropriate. Other than that, you can also give us a Review on Google. Samso stories are also featured on Brilliant-Online. Read their investment column and subscribe to Brilliant-Online so you don't miss a beat.

Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) returns today on Coffee with Samso Episode 120 with insights about the release of their inaugural Sustainability Report The Blackstone Story is no stranger to making bold statements, but I would say that the biggest of them all is the release of their Sustainability Report. Blackstone is not shy of telling the market that they are going to produce Green Nickel. Yes, you heard it right. Blackstone is going to produce nickel products that adhere to world class ESG standards. That is a bold endeavour and it really makes you sit up and want to know more. Clearly, there is no room for second place with this statement. One would be doing this with Tier 1 standards, world leading practices and with total transparency. This is the statement from Scott and the Blackstone team. Scott shares with us his thoughts and passion on making sure that the process of completing the Blackstone business in Vietnam is all about the people and the environment. The business will be complete only if there is participation and rewards from and for all stakeholders in the business model. As you look into the story, the creation of a totally responsible and sustainable business is going to reap rewards beyond your typical mining nickel through to production model. What this means is that this Green Nickel story by Blackstone Minerals will be at a level that will have a significant barrier to entry for competitors. The first mover advantage will create a near impossible competitor edge which will be hard to overcome. There is a metal use revolution storm coming and what is felt now is nothing compared to this tsunami just outside the shores of the EV Revolution. Tune in to find out if we are overdoing ESG. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:59 Scott introduces the Sustainability Report. 02:25 Inspiration for Green Nickel process. 05:26 What was the feedback to understand Green Nickel? 07:13 How has the transparency of the story helped corporately? 10:48 Blockchain of Green Nickel Story. 13:21 How will pricing of Green Nickel work? 14:40 Will mining Green Nickel be cheaper in the future? 16:06 A major problem for No-Emission story. 19:42 Where is the strict No-Emission on the Blackstone Story coming from? 20:58 Are we over doing all this ESG - No Emission story? 22:41 How fast is the transformation to an Electric Mining Fleet? 24:44 Is the capital still favouring Green? 26:15 What are people saying about this report? 29:24 Scott's last words on the Sustainability Report. 30:58 Conclusion PODCAST About Scott Williamson Managing Director Blackstone Minerals Limited Qualifications: BEng (Mining), BCom, MAusIMM Scott Williamson is an experienced Managing Director with a demonstrated history of working in the mining and metals industry. He is skilled in Open Pit and Underground Mining, Corporate Finance, Investor Relations and Project Planning. A strong business development professional with equity capital markets experience, Scott graduated from West Australian School of Mines and Curtin University of Technology. Scott holds a WA First Class Mine Manager’s Certificate and is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. About Blackstone Minerals Limited Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) is developing the district-scale Ta Khoa Project in Northern Vietnam where the company is drilling out the large-scale Ban Phuc Nickel-PGE deposit. The Ta Khoa Nickel-PGE Project has existing modern mine infrastructures built to International Standards including a 450ktpa processing plant and permitted mine facilities. Blackstone Minerals also owns a large landholding at the Gold Bridge project within the BC porphyry belt in British Columbia, Canada with large scale drill targets prospective for high-grade gold-cobalt-copper mineralisation. In Australia, Blackstone Minerals is exploring for nickel and gold in the Eastern Goldfields and gold in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Blackstone Minerals has a board and management team with a proven track record of mineral discovery and corporate success. The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project The Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project is located 160 km west of Hanoi in the Son La Province of Vietnam and includes an existing modern nickel mine built to Australian standards, which is currently under care and maintenance. The Ban Phuc nickel mine successfully operated as a mechanised underground nickel mine from 2013 to 2016. In the Ta Khoa Nickel-Copper-PGE Project, previous project owners invested more than US$136m in capital and generated US$213m in revenue during a 3.5-year period of falling nickel prices. The project was placed into care and maintenance in mid-2016 during some of the lowest nickel prices in the past 10 years. Existing infrastructure associated with the project includes an internationally-designed 450 ktpa processing plant connected to local hydro grid power with a fully-permitted tailings facility and a modern 250-person camp. Since commencing maiden drilling in August 2019, Blackstone Minerals has made significant progress at Ta Khoa, drilling over 9,000 m of diamond core in more than 47 holes into the Ban Phuc DSS deposit and the highly prospective King Cobra discovery zone. An initial scoping study evaluating mining and processing options is well advanced, including potential in-country downstream processing to deliver high-value nickel sulfate into Asia’s rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry. The recently announced MOU with Asia’s largest and the world’s second-largest EV battery cathode manufacturer, Ecopro BM Co Limited represents a significant step towards making this a reality. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information.  I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value.  It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso stories are also featured on Brilliant-Online. Read their investment column and subscribe to Brilliant-Online so you don't miss a beat.

Coffee with Samso Episode 122 Today's mineral exploration story is about Cooper Metals Limited (ASX: CPM) chasing for Copper and Gold. Ian Warland, Cooper's Managing Director, an exploration geologist with more than three decades of experience shares the concepts of the Cooper Metals story. When I first looked at Cooper Metals I was surprised at the location of their tenure in Mt. Isa which is right in the heart of the Mt. Isa Inlier. It is very much like the Miramar Resources story with the Gidji JV in Kalgoorlie. The Mt. Isa East project is literally within stones throw from major deposits. There are deposits with world class numbers that are within the same region. I am not saying that there is a like for like resemblance in the geology but it tells me that the region is a melt of mineralisation. A nearology story that has proven success and the fruits are well endowed. There is no doubt that Cooper Metals will find smoke in their exploration as they recently announced some great rock chips from existing trenches (Mt Isa East rock chip assays up to 35.3% Cu and 7.96g/t Au). "Copper is where you see it on the surface", says Ian Warland. My thoughts are that the Queensland project is the one to watch for now. As Ian mentioned, their next step is to fly a new geophysical survey which will give them more detailed understanding on where the potential mineralisation can be found. The next targets for the company is the Yarmana Gold project and the Gooroo Gold project in Western Australia. These are more early stage projects but their potential is not to be ignored. I like the Yarmana Gold project as there are tenements that are adjacent to the world class Gruyere Gold mine which is owned by Gold Road Resources Limited (ASX: GOR). The Gooroo Gold project may be my third choice but the recent change in understanding of the greenstone presence within the Gullewa Greenstone belt may be more than interesting. The Project area is located within the Archaean Gullewa Greenstone belt in the Murchison Province of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton. The area is prospective for Archean gold and Volcanic Massive Sulphide deposits. Silver Lakes (ASX: SLR) Deflector Cu-Au deposit is located ~ 26km north of the Gooroo Project. Let's listen to these chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:05 Ian Warland introduces Cooper Metals Limited. 01:58 How did Cooper Metals get the projects? 05:14 How much of a correlation does surface mineralisation have with discovery? 08:00 Why did Cooper get the opportunity of these projects? 10:28 Neighbours in Mt. Isa are finding great results. 11:43 Comments on the recent announcement. 11:59 Copper is where you see in on the surface. 13:41 Was there a model of chasing nearby projects prior to listing on the ASX? 15:59 Geophysics have come a long way. 16:18 Reasons why Geophysics today, can change the prospectivity of a project. 17:21 The other projects. 18:12 The Gooroo Project. 19:45 Chasing concepts is how to find new deposits. 21:04 The Yarmana Project. 21:53 The Endless possibilities of Mineral Exploration. 23:35 Why the discoveries are being made from projects not loved/unloved. 25:20 What is the plan going forward? 27:32 Is there a labour issue for the company? 28:44 How long will this resource boom continue? 31:38 What is Ian's last words to investors? 33:21 The positives of the Cooper Metal story? 34:40 Uranium potential 35:47 Concluding comments from Samso. 36:49 Ian's concluding comments. 37:23 Potential for Copper Metals. 37:59 Conclusions Podcast About Ian Warland Managing Director A highly experienced and successful geologist with 25 years’ experience in Australia and internationally over a wide range of commodities. Notably, a career highlight, was being joint recipient for “Explorer of the Year” in 2006 for the discovery of the Jacinth and Ambrosia zircon-rich mineral sand deposits. Ian holds a Bachelor of Applied Science Geology with First Class Honours and university medal from the University of Technology Sydney. He also has a Graduate Diploma of Applied Finance and Investment and an Associate Diploma in Environmental Control. In the last ten years Ian has worked primarily in the junior exploration sector as a geological consultant and in senior management positions for Musgrave Minerals and Marmota. After leading Twenty Seven Co Ltd as their CEO for the last three years, Ian is now Managing Director of Cooper Metals. About Cooper Metals Limited Cooper Metal’s flagship Mt Isa East Cu-Au Project covers over 1300 sq km of tenure with numerous historical Cu-Au workings and prospects already identified for immediate follow up exploration. The Mt Isa Inlier is highly prospective for iron oxide copper gold (IOCG) and shear hosted Cu +/- Au deposits. Mt Isa East is complimented by two early stage Projects in WA within proven well mineralised districts. The Yamarna Gold Project located along strike from Gold Roads 6.16 Moz world class Gruyere Gold Deposit (ASX: GOR) has an extensive length of untested Dorothy Hills Shear Zone that was important in the formation of Gruyere < 10 km to the southeast. Lastly the Gooroo Cu and Au Project covers newly identified greenstone belt ~20 km from Silver Lakes Deflector mine. The 26 km expanse of covered greenstone belt has had almost no exploration and was only added to government geology maps in 2020 after reinterpretation of geophysical data. Share to Grow: Your Bonus eBook: How to add value to your Share Portfolio This is a good time to download our Free Ebook as it is all about VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides). The eBook is about lessons on geological models sought by mining companies. It gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative investments. Click here to download this eBook. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. About Samso Samso-Brilliant Distribution Outreach Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. 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James E Marsh clears the air about Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX:ADN) over Coffee with Samso Episode 124 Over the past two years, the Andromeda Metals story has taken many twists and turns. Today, there is a lot of misconception, misunderstanding and a lack of understanding of what the company really does. Let's clear the air. When I first spoke to Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX: ADN) in late 2019, the company felt like it had such a simple business. A simple business that was going to make a lot of money. After talking with James Marsh and learning more about the business, I was convinced that this was better than an AUD$0.04 stock. Andromeda Metals did not prove me wrong. In fact, the shares went to a high of AUD$0.45, putting their market capitalisation at over AUD$1B. I was an early shareholder and left the register many times before the AUD$1B valuation. I have to admit that the story of the business was changing at a pace that I did not keep up with. This is nothing new in a developing company, but talking to associates and existing shareholders, I realised that there is a lot of misunderstanding. Harking back to our very first conversation in 2019 - Coffee with Samso - Ep 27 - The myth and facts about the Halloysite and Kaolinite Industry - ADN - there was the question of what exactly is the company mining? Back then, I was hearing from people that Andromeda was mining Halloysite and not Kaolinite...etc The result after our chat on Coffee with Samso was that we got some clarity to the issues. In today's episode, James shares with us insights that I feel are good in helping to address some of the comments that have been flying around in the marketplace. The people I had spoken to about the ins and outs of Andromeda have been telling me that they don't really know and understand what is happening. Hopefully, in today's episode of Coffee With Samso, we gain some clarity on some of the uncertain narratives that in the community. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:57 The Minatour -Andromeda Metals Merger. 04:42 What is the Nanotube Business? 08:31 How realistic is this Carbon Capture Idea? 10:47 Is the Carbon Capture a Practical Reality? 12:46 How is the mine going? 17:58 What are the thoughts about a shift in demand of "unknown" metals? 21:56 How we investors see Andromeda now and in future? 25:47 What drives the Concrete business requirement? 26:20 Not all halloysite are the same. 28:59 How does Andromeda be seen as? 31:02 The ISR Story? 34:20 The Potential of being a Copper Producer. 36:25 The up and downs of Andromeda share price. 40:03 James thoughts on Andromeda as an Investment. 41:26 Concluding comments 42:22 James Last Words PODCAST Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX: ADN) Andromeda Metals Limited is an Australian Securities Exchange-listed company (ADN) with a focus on developing the Carey’s Well halloysite-kaolin deposit in South Australia. The company has built a highly prospective exploration portfolio of projects covering 5,374 sq km within 19 exploration licences located in South Australia, Queensland and Western Australia. Andromeda Metals (previously Adelaide Resources) was incorporated on 23 December 1993 and subsequently listed on the ASX on 11 September 1996. The Company’s head office is in Adelaide, South Australia. The vision of Andromeda Metals is to be a sustainable industrial minerals producer of high-quality halloysite-kaolin and high purity alumina material, thus providing shareholders with a sustainable financial return on their investment in the Company. James E Marsh BSc (Hons), MAusIMM James Marsh is an industrial chemist and holds tertiary qualifications in chemistry and physics. He has extensive experience across a wide range of industrial minerals spanning a 25 year period, including senior technical and marketing roles with two global market leaders. He previously worked for 7 years as Business Development Manager for Active Minerals Australia, part of the Active Minerals International group, a worldwide leader in the production and marketing of kaolin and gel quality attapulgite clay minerals. Mr Marsh has been instrumental in developing and launching industrial minerals products into established and new applications globally and has a successful track record in general management and sales. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. www.samso.com.au Samso creates compelling stories and content giving real insights from business leaders of ASX companies and private businesses that matter to the investment community. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso-Brilliant Distribution Outreach Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

Coffee with Samso Episode 123 is with Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director - Thor Mining Plc (ASX: THR) Thor Mining is a very special diversified mineral exploration company. Special in that there are three highly prospective projects and one of them could make this minnow a serious copper producer. Our first encounter with Thor Mining was in February 2021 at a Coffee with Samso - A Potential ESG compliant Copper-Gold Producer: Thor Mining Plc (ASX:THR) - and the current Managing Director, Nicole Galloway Warland was the company's Exploration Manager then. The projects that were just being worked on then had just as much potential as the story. I liked the projects at that time and felt that if work was done and the results were favourable, any of their projects could achieve a flagship status. Sure enough, work has indeed been done and it looks like my gut feel was on the money. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Nicole tells us about the huge amount of work done in 2021. I feel that the maturity of the projects over the past 10 months has been profound and it has shifted my thinking on the direction of the company. I remember Nicole telling me that Ragged Range was going to surprise people. Well, it definitely surprised me. The potential of the area is really only limited to the funding capacity of the company. The Pilbara is just showing its potential and those working in the region will continue to unearth the hidden metal endowment that lies beneath this craton. As for the Copper projects in South Australia, I am greatly relieved that the recent results have made great progress. The ISR potential of the Alford projects is going to make Thor Mining stand out and be seen. I have always liked the potential and I talked about it in the first Coffee with Samso with Nicole and also with the previous Chairman, Mick Billing. I believe that the ISR potential should be the company's main focus and the creation of a Green Copper story is achievable. My take on the Green Metal story, the Green Mining story is one that can only be happy if you have naturally occurring infrastructure. What I mean in terms of infrastructure is the Green Power + Green Minable Economical Resource + Governance/Jurisdiction. In my opinion, Thor has these three components available. They just need to make it work. The Molyhil project is the third part of the story (at this stage). The recent discovery of a skarn source for the Tungsten and Molybdenum mineralisation may change the whole economics of the project. This is now partnered with a rising Molybdenum price in 2021. A rise appears to have some holding power that is going to tilt the game in favour towards Thor Mining. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:38 Ragged Range 02:54 Prospectivity of the Pilbara Craton. 05:30 The Nickel in Ragged Range. 06:54 Copper in South Australia and potential to being a Copper Producer. 08:19 ISR Use 08:55 How do you explain the Environmental Issues? 11:19 73m of 1% Cu is a significant number. 12:35 The Copper project in South Australia is heading towards development. 13:28 NO infrastructure will not be an issue. 13:44 Looking very much like a Green Copper Story. 15:17 Molyhil Project 17:46 Molybdenum is getting new uses and demand. 18:55 Is Molyhill bigger than first thought? 20:10 The Uranium and Vanadium project. 21:42 How will Thor prioritise the projects? 24:50 What's the news flow? 25:58 How does Thor see Ragged Range? 27:35 Nicole's words of wisdom. 28:28 How will Thor manage the variety of projects? 29:26 Concluding comments PODCAST Download this eBook This is a good time to download the first Ebook (FREE) from Samso as it is all about VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides). About Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director Thor Mining Plc (ASX:THR) Geologist Nicole Galloway Warland has worked in the mining and exploration industry for more than a quarter of a century in Australia, Eastern Europe and South America since graduating from Sydney’s University of Technology. Nicole's experience spans grassroots exploration through to project evaluation, encompassing both open cut and underground mining, with a focus predominantly on gold, copper-gold, base metals, nickel, uranium, and lithium. About Thor Mining Plc (LON:THR and ASX:THR) Thor Mining PLC is an exploration and development company with an advanced tungsten/molybdenum project poised for development, and exciting copper and gold projects, both advanced and early stages, with the potential to generate significant investor value. Thor also holds an advanced tungsten/molybdenum project ready for development. Thor has projects in Australia in the Northern Territory, Western Australia, and South Australia. Thor also owns the Pilot Mountain tungsten project in Nevada USA, and uranium and vanadium exploration claims in Colorado and Utah. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. www.samso.com.au Samso creates compelling stories and content giving real insights from business leaders of ASX companies and private businesses that matter to the investment community. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Keep us informed too! Please let us know your thoughts and send us any comments to info@samso.com.au. Remember to Subscribe to our YouTube Channel, Samso Media and our mail list to stay informed and make comments where appropriate. Other than that, you can also give us a Review on Google. Samso-Brilliant Distribution Partnership Powerful Advertising opportunities for Samso’s ASX and private business clients. The Brilliant-Online partnership is an opportunity to reach new and wider audiences in a fresh, appealing format to pique and retain investor interest. Contact Veronica directly for your special Samso-Brilliant advertising rate. Read Brilliant Investments

2020 was an unprecedented year for many reasons. One of which, was the rapid return of business practices Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and Diversity, Equity and Inclusivity (DE&I). Society’s response to multiple polarising social and political events has spilled over into the place we spend the most time at – work. If ESG was running for office, DE&I would be its running mate. Diversity, Equity and Inclusivity is now a defining aspect of the overarching framework of ESG. As its name suggests, it refers to a company’s human resources. It’s not a new concept, it’s existed since 1968 but its progress has been until recent years, slow. Recently I attended a Perth networking panel event that focused on diversity, equity and inclusivity called ‘ Moving Forward in a Diverse Community’ that was held at the Flour Factory on October 27th, 2021. The panel featured: Host Toto Boutdara, a designer and non-executive director of four companies. Whadjuk Ballardong Nyoongar lady, Lorraine Pryor, a mining industry employee. Economist and workplace consultant Conrad Liveris. Workplace consultant Ali Local. All are Western Australians who had insights to share about where Perth, WA and Australia stand in the quest for true DE&I progression. Each spoke of their personal experiences and observations with DE&I. Being part of Perth’s local workforce enabled them to share their opinions and advice on implementing DE&I with true relevance. The key takeaways I gleaned from the event are featured below in the form of an infographic ebook PDF available for download, for both management and employees’ point of view. These are the crucial steps to tearing down your old structures and building them back up again in favour of your employees and businesses long-term future. This event was created in response to all the promises we’ve heard made by the C-Suite at large who wax lyrical about the changes they intend to make in respective workplaces. So that begs the question, Just how much change has been made? What has been successful? What methods turned out to be duds? The event was timely, as it comes on the heels of last year’s Mercer report . Below are two key infographics that break down the statistics from the report on the website Consultancy. Both Mercer and Consultancy provide a comparison breakdown of Australia’s statistics on ESG and more specifically DE&I to the rest of the world as of October 2020. The above facts and figures illustrate why the fires of ESG and DE&I must be stoked. This is why ESG and DE&I need to become part of boardroom conversations globally. For ASX listed companies, implementing both ESG and DE&I are imperative measures as part of a business’s operations. For discerning investors, it’s an essential metric for their investing strategies. Companies that incorporate both practices into businesses are proving to be better investment performers than their competitors who refrain. Committing to and being an outcome focused company rates a higher ESG score allocated by credit analysts than those who perform superficial checkbox ticking exercises. Credit analysts use a variety of research methods to compile their score and recommendations including investing into companies themselves. Creating a façade of introducing the ‘right’ policies in a business, short-changes workers by avoiding the forming of real commitments to them and the environment and short-changes you as an investor. How do investors feel about ESG/DE&I focused investments? The Schroders investor information website conducted research (which I have chosen some key insights from) about how investors worldwide currently view ESG in ASX companies. Schroders sampled 23,000 investors living in 32 different locations and these statistics show a cross-section of the investment space. The sentiment is positive, and it will be interesting to see an update next year. For more expert advice on creating an ESG and DE&I positive workplace, please check out these websites: Australian Workplace Equality Index Diversity Council Australia Workplace and Gender Equality Agency The business practices of ESG and DE&I are sure to evolve, affecting the investing space, stay abreast of changes as they happen on Samso Insights . Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer.

It's that time of the year again when we look back at the last twelve months of 2021 to reflect on developments and trends and then try to peer into our crystal ball to make some predictions for what's to come in 2022. I'm glad we're not fortune tellers. It's actually very taxing to make predictions and do up today's Insights. Thing is, every publication, every "influencer" and every blog post has already done something, which makes this Samso Insights a bit of a late comer to this stage. Still, in spite of that, it's useful to look back and also see what's happening right here, right now and be open and curious to what could come in 2022. 2021 What a year we have had on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) . I believe the current count of IPOs in 2021 is around the 120 mark and rising. Even as I write this article, there is another one listed today. I remember a time when it was just a fraction of that number. In fact, we could count them and probably even name the companies. As in so many industries around the world, the COVID factor played a huge part and it has driven one of the best bull runs for the small-cap mineral explorers that I have seen in more than thirty years of being in this sector. Looking at the upcoming list on the ASX as of 23rd December 2021, I can count 38 IPOs of which I think two or three have just been listed yesterday. If you assume an average capital raise of AUD$6M per listing, you are looking at nearly AUD$220M to be raised in the next couple of months. Hence, with over 120 IPOs in 2021, that is over AUD$720M raised in 2021. And this is excluding placements and Rights issue. Figure 1: ( Source: GESB Superannuation) Looking at Figure 1, it is obvious where returns are coming from in terms of investments, for 2021. The returns from equities have gone through the roof and the number of participants have greatly increased. I don't think there are any arguments about the influx of new investors, new type of investors and new ideology of investors into all sectors of the Australian Stock Exchange. Over the last three years, the returns are just below 10%. However, the twelve-month return is over 35%. This is actually a spectacular result, and if you were to take parts of the mineral sector, the returns have been in the 100s to 100s of percent. This is not what you would get in the sensible investing ideologies, but it is the common reality and the expected realities over the last twelve months. Figure 2: ( Source: GESB Superannuation) This is backed up with the data in Figure 2. Look at the steep incline in ASX curve. The steep returns are not well represented but if you take into account that this curve includes all the boring "blue chips", this is a significant information. Market Expectations for 2022 I think 2022 is going to be better than 2021. Volatility will definitely be a common feature but I think the next twelve months could be even better. I was told that there was nearly AUD$400M raised in the second half of 2020. In 2021, the ASX raised over AUD$700M. In my opinion, the capital market is going to either burst out of the gates in 2022 and create a bubble for investors to be concerned about, or it will just plough on to 2023. I think the later will happen as there are just too many things happening and the shift to No Emission will be the main driver of activities. Capital is still abundant outside the game and the uncertainty of the changing landscape of the post-pandemic scene will drive the narrative. Asset allocation will be trying to find some form of normality and this will create a "race" to be in the right place. A flight of capital to compete for the best investment. Figure 3: (Source: E& MJ ) I saw a great article recently which expressed my sentiments perfectly. It is written by E&MJ - Engineering and Mining Journal (Figure 3) where they talk about the restarting of projects globally. When you look at the delayed projects, capital requirement will rise just for that portion of the market. To conserve cash, most mining firms deferred capital expenditures and halted or slowed project activity in 2020. GDP growth, an important leading indicator for capital spending in the mining industry, is estimated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to have declined by about 4.9% in 2020. As of the end of 2020, the number of metals and mining industry projects impacted by the pandemic exceeded 1,600, representing $212 billion, according to surveys conducted by Industrial Info. About 66% of that is for mining projects, with the remainder being for downstream processing and smelting sectors. The good news is that most of these projects are merely being delayed as opposed to cancelled. Most delays range from three to 18 months, with a lot of project development being pushed into 2021-2022 timeframe. ----- (Source: E&MJ ) The renewed interest and the increased opportunistic interest in the mineral sector will push the current "bull" run for a longer period. How long this period will be is hard to say but if the general curve of interest remains smooth, then I think this will be a three to five-year run. Would this become the next super cycle? I think there is a chance that could happen. If you compare my thoughts in June 2019 with the Insight I wrote ( Is the Commodities Shortage a Mirage? ), with what is happening now, you can see why I am optimistic about the path ahead. My confidence in this optimistic narrative is entirely based on the EV-No Emission Revolution. This is the Industrial Revolution of our current times. At that time of my Insight in 2019, there were no rumblings of the impending lithium run. If you look at Figure 4, the sentiment was still going down. Figure 4: The 5 year chart for Lithium Carbonate. (Source: Trading Economics ) The sentiment for lithium was at its all time low in September 2021 and it took off like a greyhound chasing a rabbit on the racecourse. That has changed the entire dynamics of the No Emission narrative.There was already a movement for Green-EV-Reduced / No Emission but as the sharp price movement happened, it is as if the world woke up suddenly and decided this was the way to go. And this movement is now going at break-neck speed. What will Drive the Growth in 2022 It is an obvious statement to say that lithium is the driver but it would be foolish to believe that lithium is the only or main component. In June 2021, I wrote - The Mystical Journey of the Commodity Price - Will it Continue? - as an Insight, and I came across Figure 5. This was the light bulb moment for me in trying to narrate the ongoing space. Figure 5: The elements that are required to have a renewable industry. (Source: www.elements.visualcapitalist.com) When investors get all excited about lithium, one must also get excited about the things that support the lithium products i.e. the buildings, the casing, the products that require lithium etc. As seen in Figure 5, there are a lot of other metals that are required and are more in demand now than in the previous industrial community. Molybdenum - Who Would Have Thought? Let´s look at something that is so unknown and unloved but is now garnering a place in the spotlight - molybdenum. Molybdenum is a component of stainless steel and its claim to fame is that it is what makes stainless steel anti-corrosive. When you look at Figure 6, you get a sense that there is renewed interest and there is a correlation of increasing demand for lithium and molybdenum. Is it a coincidence that the sharp increase in Molybdenum price is at the same time frame as Lithium? This resurgence is another reason that makes me feel the mineral "bull" run will stay around for a lot longer. The short cyclical range that we are used to in the past may be on the verge of breaking into a new range. Figure 6: 25 year chart for Molybdenum. (Source: Trading Economics ) Why is Molybdenum going through this new phase is still a mystery to me. The research I have done do point to a correlation to the rise of the oil and gas industry. The increased need for structures that are not corrosive is a factor but if you look at the diagram in Figure 5, the increasing use of renewable energy source could be driving up the pricing as well. Then there is Nickel In my opinion, this metal is going to have a better future. The reason is mainly due to the fact that the EV industry is always seeking for better and more cost effective components. There are now commentaries of how the industry is actively looking at Nickel Solid State batteries. If this is going to be the future, then the demand for the metal will far exceed existing supply. Users are going to struggle to find reliable sources of nickel sulphides and if they go towards the Green space, that market will be even tighter. Figure 7: 5 year chart for Nickel. (Source: Trading Economics ) The need for nickel sulphides is going to be a struggle as there is a little problem of finding the source and then mining it. For those who are not proponents in this industry, the mining process is a not an overnight process. It takes time and that is going to cause an even greater strain on demand. Copper - Old faithful Doctor Copper. Copper is the main stay of our civilisation and there have been countless commentaries on the need for more copper. I don't think we are going to have a sky-rocketing price surge as the supply of copper is pretty good. When I say pretty good, I mean that we can get to a source more easily as the price will get to a point where it allows the not so economical projects to become viable. Supply will kick in and that will stabilise the price rise. Unlike cobalt and in some case nickel (at some point in the future), there is a supply issue and the price will get to a point where it is uneconomical to use as a component. Figure 8: 5 year chart for Copper. (Source: Trading Economics ) This is like using gold as an industrial use. It just won´t happen with the price. There is indeed a need for more copper but I think the shortage will not be as bad. This is not saying that there may not be pressure on the price. I just don't feel a great fear of not finding copper. And then there is Lithium There is no need to elaborate on the need of this metal. It is a well-known story but the latest price surge is pretty vertical. I will think that there is going to be a coming back to reality at some point. In late 2019, I was talking to an associate who was trading in spodumene and he told me that the turning of lithium is close. I agree with him but the rate at which it turned is what really surprised me. Figure 9: 5 year chart for Lithium. (Source: Trading Economics ) I am not entirely sure where the price will end up, but what I can say is that the projects that are near to the market will be beneficial. With these last two years of shifting economics, shifting logistics, shifting politics, I feel that there is a balanced shift of reliance on world supply to one of domestic supply. The position I have on lithium is no longer that of whether the price will rise or if there is a demand, but rather one of location of the project. What I am saying is that if you have a project that is in the right jurisdiction, you will be closer to your market. I have one thought which may raise some eyebrows. The "shortage" of lithium may be due to the lack of plants to produce the end product. The bottleneck in the supply chain is the plant and not the raw material. If I am right, this is not going to sorted out in the near future. There is no doubt that the critical nature of lithium is going to play a big role in the coming years, maybe even extending decades. This will shape political and economical boundaries. These boundaries will become the balancing powers. Hence, the jury will still be out but I suspect we will have the answer soon. These are simply my observations based on experience, past and current happenings. Conclusions The mineral exploration industry is experiencing a state of euphoria which have never existed in my thirty years of participating in this industry. Geologists are in great demand and are being paid handsomely. I have never heard nor seen anything like this kind of fortune for the rock lickers. We have had a long period of suffering with a lack of capital and been seen as not as important as the corporate participants. When you take into account that there was nearly AUD$750M raised in 2021 and about AUD$400M to AUD$500M raised in 2020, you can't help but think that exploration activities will continue to be strong. The outlook for the metals is also strong with the EV / No Emission story that is dominating in every aspect of the resource industry. Another factor which we have not covered is the onset of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) requirements and participation. This will be a big driver for the industry as companies look to bring their businesses in line with the ESG bracket. The emergence of a strong ESG requirement is also creating more opportunities and allowing more capital to be allocated. When I quote the metal pricing and potential demand in this Insight, I want to highlight that there is a shift in the use. This shift is what makes up the building blocks of the coming decades. 2022 is most likely at the starting blocks. This shift will create more opportunities and more demand for capital and resources which will fuel economic activities. In 2020, everyone was surprised at the rapid rise in equities. In 2021, investors were trying to work out when the cycle will end. In 2022, I feel that investors are more accepting of the potential of the bull run and may push the pedal closer to the floor. I think investor confidence of a continued surge in mineral equities will be higher. It may be a case of investors doubling down on their expectations. It is as if investors were expecting a slow down. With a slowdown no where in sight, their excitement has been validated and they are speaking with their increase eagerness and money. What I like about the coming Year of the Tiger, 2022, is that the new world is just beginning to start. There is no going back to the old world. This is not a COVID issue. This is a new "industrial revolution" and I feel excited to be part of the process. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. This article is also published on Brilliant-Online

This little geological body is a forgotten land. Actually, not forgotten but just not talked about so much. A few decades ago this was a much talked about piece of real estate for the mineral exploration industry. In the early 1990s, there were lots of conversation about diamonds. In reality, this is a good place to go hunting for minerals, after all, it is a subduction complex with the suite of forearc basinal, magmatic arc and backarc extensional elements [9]. Where and What is the New England Fold Belt? The New England Fold Belt (NEFB) sits within the New England Orogen (NEO) which is the youngest and most eastern of the Australian craton. It has a west-dipping subduction which means that they have the typical crustal thickening and thinning coupled with magma activity [4]. Figure 1: (a) Tasmanides of eastern Australia, after [2]. (b) The southern New England Orogen in NSW. Terminology of terranes from [3].(Source: [1]) The portion of the Fold Belt that is of interest to us at the moment is shown in Figure 1. It is the portion that is in New South Wales. Like most of Australia's geological corridors, the NEFB is another that has a history of being endowed in all sorts of metals. According to [8], the use of high detail geophysics has identified the following: potential magmatic diamond hosts, controlling structures for orogenic gold and granite-related polymetallic veins, unmapped and concealed deep leads, accurately defining the extent of primary sapphire host rocks, bauxitic laterites. The survey was done in the western part of the NEFB but the reality is simple. The southern NEFB is basically a subduction zone that has proven to be producing metals (Figure 1). There is no secret that this area has substantial mineral discoveries. What is interesting for me is how the mineralisation relate to each other. A Subduction Zone - Good Geology Never Disappoints Before we go any further into the story, we need to have an appreciation of what is a Subduction Zone and why this is the key component of the Insights. I will not give a detailed description but I need to give some context. The famous Ring Of Fire (Figure 2) is where we see the biggest and most endowed regions for mineralisation. On 22nd January 2020, I published an article - Copper Porphyry Districts - Chile & Associates - which talked about the mineral potential of deposits that are derived along these subduction margins. When I talk about the mineral endowment, I am not just talking about the porphyries. Yes, these deposits are world class but I am really talking about the numerous "smaller" deposits that are in plague proportions because of the subduction zones. Figure 2: The Ring of Fire - The Ring of Fire is a string of volcanoes and sites of seismic activity, or earthquakes, around the edges of the Pacific Ocean. Deep ocean trenches and high mountain ranges are also part of the Ring of Fire. (Source: The National Geographic) In the western part of the USA you have a swarm of porphyries and volcanogenic massive Sulphide (VMS) mineralisation that is scattered randomly all over the place. This is where the Pacific plate is subducting into the Northern American continent and creating magma activity that is commonly seen in all these pate margins. The volume of mineralisation is why the western margin of the Americas is swarming with deposits of all sizes. Have a look at this Insight that I published in May 2021: High Grade Mineralisation - Riedel Resources Ltd (ASX: RIE ) and New World Resources Ltd (ASX: NWC) - An Existing Mineralised System When I wrote that Insight, I learned so much about the potential of provinces like that which are present all along the margin. So when we proceed with this Insight, think of these margins, think of the potential when we discuss the NEFB as a "miniature plate margin". Remember, a subducting plate is always going to generate the same type and intensity of magmatic activity. So Why the New England Fold Belt - The Brewing Pot There is a lot of work being done in the NEFB and the New England Orogeny. What I have learnt in the long hours of reading is that the potential mineralising nature of the region is still at its infancy. There is no doubt that the rocks are tapping the mantle. The presence of diamonds tells us that we are tapping the mantle, which makes complete sense as we are in a subduction zone. As you can see in Figure 3B, there is ample evidence of metal formation. The migration of volcanic activity Figure 3A over the subducted plate is clearly observed which supports Figure 3B where you can observe mineral deposition. Figure 3: (A) Location of dated volcanic sites, northeastern New South Wales (map) with bistograms of older Mesozoic volcanism (190-95Ma, top) and younger Mesozoic-Cainozoic volcanism (95-OMa, bottom). Inset. Australian migration over Coral Sea-Cato Trough thermal rift system, (outer and inner margin lines) showing track positions from 65Ma to OMa, detailing positions at 45Ma and 20Ma relative to the Central Volcanic Province (CP). [10] (B) . Geological subdivisions and metahydrothermal mineral deposits in the southern New England Fold Belt. [11] The magmatic activities are key ingredients for all the metal deposit formations and this is very apparent in the research material. According to [5], the massive sulphides at Halls Peak are up to several metres across and up to 3m thick. Metal grades are high, averaging 3.5% Cu, 8% Pb, 24% Zn, 260ppm Ag and 0.42ppm Au. The bodies are associated with broad zones of weakly disseminated and stockwork sulphides in hydrothermally altered volcanics and sediments. The Halls Peak massive sulphides is compared by [5] as similar to the Kuroko deposit in Japan. The Kuroko-Type deposits are usually accompanied by alteration zones with a distinct zonal arrangement. One of the similarities is the Kuroko type deposits are in the similar age range of deposition and they are in felsic lavas and pyroclastics. "Largely stratiform Kuroko deposits, stockwork ores and fissure-filling veins are widespread in the so-called Green Tuff basins of Tertiary age in Japan. They are the youngest, least modified examples known of base metal sulfide deposits associated with felsic lavas and pyroclastics, and familiarization with their features should lead to a more detailed appreciation of how and where other deposits of the same general types were formed." - [12] The report went on to name the Paleozoic deposits in eastern Australia like Rosebery, Mount Lyell, Captain Flat, Woodlawn, and Mount Morgan. Why Zinc? In January 2019, I published a couple of articles related to zinc. I was feeling optimistic about the Zinc market and was struggling to understand why there is no price surge. There was supposed to be a potential supply shortage but the so called imbalance of demand vs. supply was not forthcoming. The Samso Insights are as follows, Zinc Market- What happened to the price surge? 7 Interesting Zinc Companies on the ASX What is interesting is that since that time, there has not been an economical discovery. If I am not mistaken, there have been discoveries but none that have gone to production. It is because of this lack of success that I am still keen on Zinc. What is a Zinc Discovery - The Earaheedy In July 2020, I learned about Rumble Resources and their Earaheedy Project and was instantly attracted to the potential. At that time, the company was focused on the Western Queen Gold project. In my previous dealings with associates, I was already a fan of the Earaheedy area. I have learned that the Gascoyne was the place to find a lead-zinc project. To cut a long story short, I was not able to convince Rumble Resources to share the story on Coffee with Samso and history will show that they have made a good discovery on their Chinook Zn-Pb-Ag-Mn-Cu project. For one who has declined a Coffee with Samso, it looks like another discovery is on the way in the Kimberley. Halls Peak Project - Southern New England Fold Belt This brings us to the Halls Peak project - a very interesting project in an area that is well know for mineralisation. The Halls Peak project is 100% owned by Critical Resources Limited (ASX:CRR) and is located 45km south-east of the town of Armidale. It is well documented that there are massive sulphides in this area. It sits in the Tasmanides accretionary orogenic system [4]. It has historical workings and was previously mined for zinc. A historical high-grade zinc mine is as good a place to start to look for more zinc. According to [5], historical workings discovered a series of gossanous outcrops in the halls Creek area. Mining for Cu, Ag, Pb and Zn commenced in 1916 through to the 1970s. The massive sulphide deposits are located 50km SE of Armidale and 500km North of Sydney. * An extract form Critical Resources Limited noting some highlights of the Halls Peak Project. One of these massive sulphide location is shown in Figure 4. The area lies towards the eastern edge of the New England plateau on the steep upper slopes of the Chandler River valley. Figure 4: Halls Peak area, NSW, showing location (inset) and position of mine waste landslide, sulphide stockpile and polluted area, and drainage into Chandler River.[7] Conclusions When I set out to write this Insight, I was going to talk about Zinc mineralisation. As I progressed into the researching stage of the Insight, I started to realise that the real story is the New England Fold Belt and that the geological history or understanding of the NEFB is the key. I have some knowledge of this area due mainly to my previous work in the diamond industry way back in the early1990s. However, my current research has definitely made me think about the mineral exploration potential of the eastern part of Australia. Limited Working Knowledge My geological career is very limited to Western Australia and I am now understanding why there are so many explorers on the other side of Australia. The geology is so intense and the potential for discoveries is a surprise for me. I know it should not be as there are numerous discoveries and world class mines on this side of the continent. My ignorance is largely due to the fact that I have only worked in a limited capacity in a small highly focused industry, and there is little opportunity to work elsewhere. Small companies tend to focus on projects in a do or die program. Learning about Halls Peak When I came across the Halls Peak project with Critical Resources Limited (ASX: CRR), I immediately took a liking to the geology and the potential. I did not know much but I was definitely thinking that this is worth some further research. Exploration at the project has been busy and there have been several announcements updating the ASX on exploration activities: 3rd December 2021: Visual Massive Sulphides Intersected in First Drill Hole 7th December 2021: More Mineralisation and Visual Massive Sulphides at Gibsons 15th December 2021: Massive Sulphides Intersected in Second Drill Hole - Gibsons 21 December 2021: Massive & Disseminated Sulphide Intersection- 4th Drill Hole 7th January 2022: Drilling Recommences at Halls Peak Project As this Insight is being written, the company has gone into a Trading Halt (10th January 2022) and the anticipation is for further drilling results. 11th January 2022 - Outstanding High Grade Zinc, Copper and Silver Assays Final Thoughts Mineral exploration is all about finding a needle in a hay stack. Most investors think that X marks the spot but are often disappointed in reality. At best, all that X marks is a good place to look. It is good to remember that a drill hole is at best 10 inches in diameter (most are not) and you can miss a lot when you are exploring. Whenever we talk about a prospective place to find minerals, it is always good to know that the place has good genes. A good genetic signature goes a long way. Hence, when I think about what Critical Resources are doing at Halls Peak, it does make me prick up my ears. I would not go so far as to say that I am excited. I will be excited when I see more drilling results that are consistent with the historical grades and intercept depths. What I like is the evidence of multi metal mineralisation that is consistent with magmatic activity synonymous with a subduction zone. The Hillgrove SB-Au project, which is just north of the area, is a case in point. As you can see in Figure 3B, there are numerous known sites of mineralisation. From an investor point of view, I like Halls Peak because the historical numbers are very encouraging. I like the regional setting and how the known mineralisation supports the tectonic setting and potential metal endowment. One can never say anything is a sure thing, but this has got good points for a decent DYOR. Reference: Manton, Ryan & Buckman, Solomon & Nutman, Allen. (2019). Early Permian strike-slip basin formation and felsic volcanism in the Manning Group, southern New England Orogen, eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 66. 1-19. 10.1080/08120099.2019.1566932. Glen, R. A. (2005). The Tasmanides of eastern Australia. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 246(1), 23–96. doi:10.1144/ GSL.SP.2005.246.01.02 Flood, P. G., & Aitchison, J. C. (1988). Tectonostratigraphic Terranes of the Southern Part of the New England Orogen. In Flood, P. G., Aitchison, J. C. (Eds.), New England Orogen: Tectonics and metallogenesis (pp. 7–10). Armidale, NSW: University of New England. McKibbin, Seann J., Landenberger, Bill, and Fanning, c. Mark. 2017. First magmatism in the New England Batholith, Australia: forearc and arc-back-arc components in the Bakers Creek Suite gabbros. Solid Earth, 8, pp421-434. Ashley and Wolfenden, B.J., 2004. Halls Peak Massive Sulphide Deposits, New England, NSW. CRC LEME. Murray, C.G. 1987. Tectonic Evolution and Metallogenesus of the New England Fold Belt, Eastern Australia. Pacific Rim Congress Lottermoser, B.G., Ashley, P.M. and Muller, M. 1995 Environmental geochemistry of the Halls Peak massive sulphide ZnPbCuAg deposits, New South Wales, Australia. BRown, R.E. 2010. Potential exploration uses of high resolution geophysical data in the southern New England Orogen, NSW. NEO 2010 Conference Proceedings. pp55-61. Henderson, R.A., Fergusson, C.L., Morand, V.J., Reinhardy, J.J. & Carr, P.F. 1993. Tectonics of the Northern New Fold Belt. NEO 93 Conference Proceedings. pp505-515. Sutherland, F.L. 1999 Volcanism, Geotherms, Gemstones and Lithosphere, since orogenesis, N.E. New South Wales: A synthesis New England Orogen 1999 Conference. pp355-364. Stroud, W.J., Barnes, R.G., Brown, R.E., Bronwnlow, J.W. & Henley, H.F. 1999. Some aspects of the metallogenesis of the Southern New England Fold Belt. New England Orogen 1999 Conference. pp365-371. Lambert, Ian B. & Sato, Takeo. 1974. The Kuroko and Associated Ore Deposits of Japan: A Review of Their Features and Metallogenes. Economic Geology, Vol 69, pp1215-1236 Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. About Samso Samso is a renowned resource among the investment community for keen market analysis and insights into the companies and business trends that matter.

Coffee with Samso Episode 125 is with Brad Valiukas, Managing Director of Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) Aurumin Limited (ASX:AUN) listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) two very interesting projects in the Southern Cross Goldfields, a region that has a history of producing high-grade resources. The acquisition of 750,000 ounces of gold is a clear indication of the intent of Aurumin Limited. I felt that Brad Valiukas and his team were focused on their mining strategy. This move has confirmed my thoughts. The strategy was pretty straightforward. Acquire historical mining projects that have potential for growth. Drill. And develop. When I hear companies with this strategy, I notice that many use it as their lead for a story, but few actually have the intent to make it happen. The initial Mt Dimer and Mt Palmer and Johnson Range are initial cornerstone projects for the company. However, with this acquisition, the Sandstone project is a step up. One of the key aspects of the project is the 500,000 ounces of gold resources which is untouched and underground. In my opinion, this is an upside that cannot be ignored. We're not talking about a sprint to the finish here. If anything, this is going to be a marathon, and by the sound of our conversation, there are more surprises coming. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:25 Introduction 00:55 Brad discuss Sandstone acquisition 01:40 The prospectivity of the Sandstone and how Aurumin pitches the story now. 03:15 How do the older projects work alongside the new project? 04:53 Key projects of Sandstone. 07:06 Is there a Mill story? 09:03 Neighbours are finding new gold, is this positive for Aurumin? 11:01 How do you explain the low grade story to investors? 13:17 Making the ounces work. 14:40 Underground is a new play - Renovation is not always a good thing. 15:08 What are Brad's thoughts on the potential? 16:05 The ore is recoverable. 16:39 Does the market like this gold space? 18:59 Interest for transaction. 19:53 What are the news coming up? 20:48 What is happening in the other projects? 22:31 Are your other projects a preview to what will come with Sandstone? 23:33 Satellite projects will make the Mill story work. 24:34 A communal Mill will work for all players. 25:52 Conclusion PODCAST This is a good time to download the first Ebook (FREE) from Samso as it is all about VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides). About Brad Valiukas - Managing Director BEng (Mining), GradCert (Econ), Member AusIMM Mining Engineer and experienced executive with over 20 years operational, management and executive experience covering underground and open pit operations across multiple commodities around Australia and internationally. Brad's most recent position is that of Manager – Technical Services for Northern Star Resources. He was previously COO at Focus Minerals, COO at ABM Resources and held senior roles at Mincor Resources. About Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) Aurumin Limited (ACN 639 427 099) (Aurumin or Company) is an Australian company incorporated on 28 February 2020 in Western Australia as a mineral exploration company to allow the reorganisation of projects held by Aurumin Mt Dimer Pty Ltd (formerly Acertim Resources Pty Ltd) (Aurumin Mt Dimer). In particular, the Company was established to enable the restructure of the Mt Dimer, Mt Palmer and Johnson Range projects into separate project entities and further consolidate additional tenements, and to progress these gold exploration projects in the Southern Cross and Kalgoorlie regions. Since incorporation, the Company has acquired 100% legal and beneficial ownership of Aurumin Mt Dimer and Aurumin Mt Palmer Pty Ltd (formerly Mt Palmer Gold Pty Ltd), and has entered into a further 3 tenement acquisition agreements and applied for further tenements such that it now has an interest in 29 tenements across 4 projects. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. About Samso Keep us informed too! Please let us know your thoughts and send us any comments to info@samso.com.au. Remember to Subscribe to our YouTube Channel, Samso Media and our mail list to stay informed and make comments where appropriate. Other than that, you can also give us a Review on Google.