Over the last six months, Recce Pharmaceuticals Ltd (ASX: RCE) has experienced a notable surge in its share price, climbing nearly 50%, as the company advances its innovative treatments through significant clinical milestones, gaining substantial backing from the US Department of Defence as well. The company is at the forefront of developing a new class of synthetic anti-infectives aimed at combating the global health crisis posed by antibiotic-resistant superbugs. Recce's shares are currently trading at A$0.66 apiece, reflecting a market capitalisation of A$134.6 million. Figure 1: Share price chart (Source: ASX) Clinical milestones propel growth Recce has made considerable progress in its clinical programs, notably in its UTI/Urosepsis Phase I/II trial, which showed promising minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) activity (Figure 2). The trial is poised to advance to the next dosage increase shortly. Meanwhile, the company's Diabetic Foot Infection (DFI) clinical trial has also reached a new phase. After demonstrating treatment efficacy, the trial is set to expand into a Phase III registrational trial in Indonesia, scheduled to kick off in the September quarter of this year. Figure 2: Recce’s pipeline (Source: RCE Website) Extensive pathogen resistance testing In a strategic collaboration with Linnaeus Bioscience, Recce is testing flagship RECCE® 327 (R327) against over 300 pathogen strains across the ESKAPEE group, which includes 198 Gram-negative and 111 Gram-positive bacteria strains. Hannah Tsunemoto PhD, Chief Operations Officer at Linnaeus, led the testing and confirmed, “R327 is effective against all strains tested at MICs.” This includes strains clinically isolated from diverse sources such as wounds, blood, urine, and sputum. In further studies, R327 demonstrated no induced resistance when tested against a Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) strain of Escherichia coli over 31 days, highlighting its robust anti-resistance properties. Support from the US Department of Defence A significant endorsement of Recce's treatment platform came from the US Department of Defence, which recommended RECCE® 327 Gel (R327G) as a topical treatment for Burn Wound Infections, with proposed grant funding amounting to US$2.2 million (approximately A$3.34 million). This support underscores the potential of Recce's products in addressing critical medical needs. Looking ahead, Recce plans to submit an Investigational New Drug (IND) application to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the latter half of 2024, following promising data from its ongoing clinical trials. Gaining international recognition Recce has also recently achieved international acclaim, having presented at significant events such as the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) and the World AMR Congress 2024. The company received sponsorships from both the Western Australian and New South Wales governments for its participation in the BIO International Convention 2024. Scaling production to meet demand This month, Recce enhanced its production capabilities, successfully manufacturing 5,000 doses weekly of RECCE® 327 under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards. This scale-up was facilitated by temporarily relocating manufacturing equipment to a third-party cleanroom-GMP facility. Arthur Kollaras, Recce’s head of manufacturing, expressed his enthusiasm: "We are thrilled to announce the successful batch completion of human pharmaceutical grade R327, representing a crucial step forward in our mission to address the global threat of antimicrobial resistance." The GMP certification, which covers all aspects of production, is vital in ensuring the consistent quality of the medicine, crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy. Universal mechanism of action Recce’s anti-infectives exhibit a universal mechanism of action that maintains their efficacy even against hyper-cellular mutations of bacteria and viruses, addressing a critical gap in current treatment options. The company continues to advance its clinical programs and expand its product pipeline, the company is well-positioned to meet the increasing global demand for effective treatments against 'difficult to treat' bacterial infections, including those resistant to traditional antibiotics. This trajectory not only enhances its market presence but also solidifies its role in shaping the future of anti-infective therapies. About the company Recce Pharmaceuticals Ltd (ASX: RCE, FSE: R9Q) is developing a New Class of Synthetic Anti-Infectives designed to address the urgent global health problems of antibiotic-resistant superbugs and emerging viral pathogens. Its anti-infective pipeline includes three patented, broad-spectrum, synthetic polymer anti-infectives: RECCE® 327 is an intravenous and topical therapy that is being developed for the treatment of serious and potentially life-threatening infections due to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including their superbug forms; RECCE® 435 is an orally administered therapy for bacterial infections; and RECCE® 529 for viral infections. Through their multi-layered mechanisms of action, Recce’s anti-infectives have the potential to overcome the hypercellular mutation of bacteria and viruses – the challenge of all existing antibiotics to date. The FDA has awarded RECCE® 327 Qualified Infectious Disease Product designation under the Generating Antibiotic Initiatives Now (GAIN) Act – labelling it for Fast Track Designation, plus 10 years of market exclusivity post approval. Further to this designation, RECCE® 327 has been included on The Pew Charitable Trusts Global New Antibiotics in Development Pipeline as the world’s only synthetic polymer and sepsis drug candidate in development. RECCE® 327 is not yet market-approved for use in humans with further clinical testing required to fully evaluate safety and efficacy. Recce wholly owns its automated manufacturing, which is supporting present clinical trials. Recce’s anti-infective pipeline seeks to exploit the unique capabilities of its technologies targeting synergistic, unmet medical needs. Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research.Own Research (DYOR), this may guide you to make an impact on your financial future. Coffee with Samso Experience

The Puxiong deposit in Southwest China represents a significant shift in the exploration of regolith-hosted rare earth element (REE) deposits, traditionally dominated by granites and felsic volcanic substrates. Recent discoveries and studies, such as those at Puxiong, underscore the potential of silica-undersaturated alkaline igneous rocks like nepheline syenite in contributing to REE resources [1]. Geology and mineralogy of the Puxiong deposit Located in Southwest China, the Puxiong deposit is notable for its formation through the weathering of nepheline syenite, which has undergone partial hydrothermal enrichment in REEs. This syenite registers REE concentrations that range dramatically from 177 to 9,336 parts per million (ppm). The mineralogical composition includes significant percentages of REEs hosted in minerals such as britholite-(Ce), tritomite-(Ce), and cerite-(Ce), which collectively contribute to approximately 60% of the total REE content. Additional REEs are found in secondary minerals within the K-feldspar and less abundantly in other minerals like titanite and hiortdahlite. Figure 1: Puxiong Geology (Source: Economic Geology) Weathering and REE Mobilisation The weathering process is critical in the formation of regolith hosted REE deposits. At Puxiong, REEs are released from primary minerals into soil solutions. Subsequently, they adsorb onto clay minerals or precipitate as supergene phases such as rhabdophane. The clay minerals, particularly illite and halloysite, exhibit higher ion exchange capacities than those derived from granitic sources, enhancing their ability to capture and concentrate REEs. Figure 2: Photographs of the regolith and parent nepheline syenite (Source: Economic Geology) Spatial distribution of REEs The spatial distribution of REEs within the deposit reveals that the highest concentrations of heavy REEs (HREEs) occur at the footslope, averaging 110 ppm. Meanwhile, the lighter REEs (LREEs) are more abundant in the B horizon at hilltops. This distribution pattern is influenced by the topographical features and the mobility of REEs within the weathering profile, driven by groundwater and soil solutions. Strategic Significance and Environmental Considerations REEs are increasingly crucial due to their applications in high-technology and defence industries. The ease of mining and processing regolith-hosted deposits, such as those at Puxiong, offers a strategic advantage over more conventional hard-rock mining methods. Moreover, the development of new mining technologies, such as electrokinetic mining, promises to enhance REE recovery while minimising environmental impacts. Global Implications The Puxiong deposit provides a new perspective on the potential for nepheline syenite-derived regolith-hosted REE deposits. it also invites further exploration and study in other regions with similar geological settings. Understanding the geochemical behaviour of REEs in these unique environments can guide future exploration and exploitation strategies, potentially leading to the discovery of new economically viable deposits. Conclusion The study of the Puxiong REE deposit not only expands the geological understanding of regolith hosted REE deposits but also underscores the importance of alternative sources for these critical materials. As global demand for REEs continues to rise, the insights gained from Puxiong and similar deposits are crucial for securing a sustainable supply of these indispensable elements. Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience ------ References: [1} Min Wang, Martin Yan Hei Li, Mei-Fu Zhou, Jia-Xi Zhou, Guotao Sun, Ye Zhou, Yin Li; Enrichment of Rare Earth Elements During the Weathering of Alkaline Igneous Systems: Insights from the Puxiong Regolith-Hosted Rare Earth Element Deposit, SW China. Economic Geology 2024;; 119 (1): 161–187. doi: https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.5024

As we move into the generation of clean energy, the topic of uranium mining is brewing in Australia, especially in Western Australia. The only state and territory in Australia where uranium can be mined is South Australia and the Northern Territory. The Western Australian government took a stance a few years ago to ban the mining of uranium and this has taken its toll on the industry. However, it does seem that the sentiment to overturn that decision is now softening. The mining industry in Western Australia, by far the biggest player in Australia, is facing one of its biggest changes in 2024 and the change may only be starting. The nickel industry is hemorrhaging with the rise of the Indonesian nickel industry. The dominating nature of the nickel industry in Indonesia has taken the world by storm and the result for Western Australia and the rest of the world is that their own mines are now facing closure and a bleak future for those that are still in operation. The biggest player in the industry in Australia is BHP's Nickel West, which is certainly looking at closure and the loss of jobs and income for Australians. 2024 is absolutely turning out to be the year of changing fortunes for Australia in terms of being the commodity mecca of the world. There are real challenges that are not only restricted to nickel (almost a done deal), but there are also negative sentiments towards lithium, rare earths and finally iron ore. The misfortunes in turn could create the necessary heat to make the Western Australian and in large part the Federal government bodies look seriously at uranium as an alternative mining breadwinner. The World According to Jonathan Fisher Jonathan Fisher is the CEO of Cauldron Energy Limited (ASX: CXU) and this Samso Insight discussion is a good introduction to the challenges and the deep misunderstanding of the general population to uranium mining. Jonathan comes from a long history within the nuclear world and in this Samso Insight conversation, he is simply stating facts to explain the debate for the mining process and not about the building of nuclear power plants. Jonathan just wants the myths to be taken out of the discussion and I agree with him that the conversations out in the world have been wrong and largely made erroneously to be facts. Samso's Thoughts There is no doubt in my mind now that the mystery of Uranium Mining and the Nuclear Energy debate is shrouded by a lack of understanding and the perception created by the anti-mining fraternity (based on personal agendas). The narratives that Jonathan Fisher and all the other proponents for Uranium Mining are made simply to make right the wrongs of the loudest critic. One can argue based on personal preferences but the greater good for uranium mining and hence the use of nuclear energy cannot be made by the few, but it must be made for the greater good of the whole decarbonisation outcome for planet Earth. Listen to the Samso Insight Here Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience

Recharged from the IPO, Ordell Minerals Ltd (ASX: ORD) made its debut on the ASX last Friday, showcasing a robust portfolio of exploration assets in Western Australia. The company successfully raised a maximum of A$6 million through its initial public offering (IPO) at an issue price of 20 cents per share. With a fully funded treasury, Ordell is set to advance its flagship asset, the Barimaia Joint Venture (JV) Gold Project in the Murchison Province, where it holds an 80% stake. This project is considered an advanced exploration venture with significant historical drill results. With the second day of trading closed, Ordell’s shares peaked at A$0.22, with nearly 1.7 million shares traded to date (Figure 1). Figure 1: Ordell trading volumes (Source: ASX.com) Genesis Minerals Reunion Ordell acquired its 80.2% interest in Barimaia from Genesis Minerals, making Genesis a major shareholder with an 8% stake. The company has also reunited key members of the Genesis team, including former Genesis Chair Tommy McKeith and former Managing Director Michael Fowler. McKeith and Fowler have taken on the same roles at Ordell, alongside industry veteran Darren Gordan as a non-executive director. Furthermore, experienced resources sector executive Graeme Smith is the company secretary. Prime Location in a Tier-1 Mining Jurisdiction Barimaia is located in a Tier-1 mining jurisdiction, near several gold processing plants (Figure 2) It is adjacent to Ramelius Resources’ Mt Magnet mill, 70 kilometres from Spartan Resources’ Dalgaranga mill, and 80 kilometres from Westgold Resources’ Tuckabianna mill. “Located in the heart of one of Western Australia’s most exciting gold districts, Barimaia lies within trucking distance of several gold processing plants, with past exploration confirming strong potential for a shallow resource,” said Managing Director Michael Fowler. Previously, Barimaia was not systematically explored by Genesis due to its focus on assets in the Leonora region. In addition to Barimaia, Ordell holds the Goodia Lithium Project in WA’s Kalgoorlie-Norseman lithium district and the Fisher South Gold Project in the Laverton gold district, both considered promising greenfield discoveries. Figure 2: Barimia Locations (Source: Investor Presentation) Forward Plan Fresh from the ASX debut, Ordell’s immediate focus is the Barimaia Project. The company plans to undertake systematic reverse circulation (RC) drilling along a 2.5-kilometre strike extent at Barimaia, targeting Eridanus-style discoveries (Figure 3). Additionally, aircore drilling is planned to test for strike extensions to the known mineralisation. Fowler stated, “Given its location right on the doorstep of Ramelius’ Mount Magnet gold project, and with strong geological similarities to Eridanus which is currently being mined by Ramelius, our plan is to systematically drill the known 2.5-kilometre strike extent at Barimaia to target Eridanus-type discoveries.” The Goodia Lithium Project in the Kalgoorlie-Norseman lithium district and the Fisher South Gold Project in the Laverton gold district are also on the agenda for further exploration as well. Figure 3: Ordell’s Forward Plan (Source: Investor Presentation) Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience

The Havieron discovery, made by Greatland Gold Plc in 2018, is now nearing production in a joint venture with Newcrest Mining. Located just 45km from Newcrest’s Telfer mine, the project benefits from using existing infrastructure, significantly reducing costs and environmental impact. The Havieron deposit holds a strong Probable Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource, positioning it as a promising gold and copper mine in Australia. This blog explores the journey behind the discovery, highlighting the challenges, perseverance, and exploration techniques that led to success. Investors interested in exploration success stories and high-potential gold-copper projects will find this a compelling read, offering insight into one of the most exciting discoveries in recent years. Sign up for your membership on Samso Insights on Patreon now to access more exciting investment stories. Three types of membership on Samso Insights Choose one or more: FREE: These insights are free and available to all investors. Subscribe here for free. PAID MEMBERSHIP: If you are a bold investor and want more, you get access to the latest and most reliable information from experienced sources that are completely unbiased starting from US$10/month. Start accessing our exclusive content to help with your investment research. PAID ARTICLES: Trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. Choose what interests you and unlock your choice of article from US$10. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso

Just five months into its ASX foray, Great Divide Mining Ltd (ASX: GDM) has identified the potential for lithium and rare earth elements (REE) at the company’s Cape Project within the New Goldfield tenement in Queensland. To fund its gold and critical metals projects, the company floated on the ASX after a $5 million IPO at an offer price of $A0.21, which was oversubscribed. Situated within Queensland, Each of GDM’s projects are believed to have “company maker” potential: Yellow Jack – prospective for gold; Coonambula – prospective for gold-antimony; Devils Mountain – prospective for gold; and Cape – prospective for copper-gold-rare earth The projects sit across eleven tenements in historical mining areas with past exploration and nearby infrastructure. At present, GDM shares have been trading at A$0.28, up 33.3% from the offer price (Figure 1). Figure 1: Share price chart ( Source Listcorp) Lithium and REE potential GDM has revealed during its preliminary exploration results, and desktop studies have identified lithium and REE potential at the Cape Project. Commenting on the find, the company’s CEO Justin Haines said: “Although we are in the infancy of our exploration at New Goldfield, early indications of prospectivity for Lithium and REE are encouraging and present a ‘bonus’ to GDM beyond the priority gold and base metal prospects on this tenement." Moving forward, the company aims to conduct on-site exploration at New Goldfield across its existing gold and base metals targets, as well as this new lithium and REE opportunities (Figure 2). Figure 2: Cape Project Location and Major Mines (Source: ASX website) “Excellent” gold assays from Yellow Jack In January, the company delivered assays described as “excellent” from its diamond drilling program at Yellow Jack (Figure 3). Assays from three diamond drill holes have highlighted ‘significant’ gold hits, including: 12 metres @ 2.70 g/t gold from 25 metres depth in the hole, including 6 metres @ 4.15g/t gold from 30 metres depth, and 6.2 m @ 1.1 g/t Au from 80 m depth in hole 23YJDD217 Figure 3: Yellow Jack Project location and major mines Commenting on these new assay results, Haines said: “We have seen some excellent intercepts from our diamond drilling campaign at Yellow Jack. “In particular, the intercept of 6m @ 4.15 g/t Au in hole 23YJDD219from 30 m depth indicates that the Gold mineralisation is of higher concentration in certain areas and extends further along strike and at depth than initially anticipated. “We are undertaking a full 3D interpretation of the Yellow Jack Gold system, which will be completed over the coming weeks, and are now well placed to consider an update of our previously announced JORC Mineral Resource Estimate of over 51,000 oz contained Gold at Yellow Jack.” Looking ahead GDM is also continuing with the exploration and assessment of its other projects (Figure 4) The Yellow Jack geology and mining studies are continuing to assess the project's commercial potential, with results expected in the coming months. What’s more, planning for exploration works at Coonambula and Devils Mountain is nearing completion in readiness for the commencement of the field season. Figure 4: Forward plan for GDM’s projects (Source GDM website) Samso's Thoughts The GDM story is very typical of the region they are exploring. If you look at Figure 1 and Figure 2, there is evidence of good mineralisation, and there is no doubt that their concepts are valid. This is a gold and copper country, and antimony and molybdenum are commonly associated with mineralisation as well. I am not a big fan of the lithium and REE story, and I hope the company focuses on gold and copper. The results to date are encouraging, but they are still a distance from discovery. This is not a negative point; it just means there is work to do. The one issue with the GDM story and that of all aspiring juniors in this place will be the duration required for an economic discovery. The systems are typically tight, meaning they are small and usually complex to define. This means that the hurdles may create less luck than more luck for discovery. Pacgold Limited (ASX: PGO) is located near the Cape Project with its Alice River Gold project, and it is a good prospectivity comparison. I have just seen its presentation, and it seems that it is on the verge of a decent discovery. I would encourage readers to go and have a look at its presentation and check out the potential. As always, DYOR, keep an eye out for their announcements. Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience

The copper sector is now starting to build and the anticipation for a copper boom is well and truly setting in concrete. It feels like the market is finally in sync with the narrative of copper being the next dominant player in the metals race. Pricing on copper may now appear to be on the increase, but if you take into account the potential risk of a supply crunch, the price of copper could go even higher from its all-time high now (Figure 1). Figure 1: Price chart of copper. (Trading Economics) QMines Limited (ASX: QML) is one of the companies in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) who are trying to showcase an investment scenario of potential investors. Currently at AUD14M market capitalisation, this company has just completed a Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) which seems to be indicating a compelling case to be the next copper producer. The PFS is showing a CAPEX of AUD192M, a Net Present Value (NPV) of AUD373M and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 54% with a 10.4yr Initial Mine Life with a 1.8 year payback. These are pretty soft numbers which are indicating a strong case of what QMines is trying to complete. These figures are not set in concrete and may change but it does have a good start to the downstream journey for QMines. For those who are looking at these numbers and thinking that it is attractive, I caution a good old case of DYOR as always. This Samso Insight is a good summary of the QMines story. Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience

American mining giant Alcoa Corporation (ASX:AAI) has made its debut on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) through a dual listing of Chess Depository Interests (CDIs) - a key milestone ahead of its acquisition of Alumina Ltd. Recently, the company confirmed that the scheme of arrangement under which Alcoa will acquire 100% of the fully paid ordinary shares in Alumina is now legally effective. Both companies collaborated in the AWAC (Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals) joint venture - one of the largest producers of alumina and bauxite miners globally. Looking ahead, Alcoa’s consolidation of AWAC marks a significant union of resources and expertise within the bauxite aluminium industry. “This transaction provides enhanced opportunities for value creation, including strengthening Alcoa’s position as one of the world’s largest bauxite and alumina producers,” said William F. Oplinger, Alcoa’s President and CEO. What’s more, the company also trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker code AA. Scheme Of Implementation Pittsburgh-based Alcoa entered into a binding scheme implementation seed with Alumina Ltd, under which it will acquire Alumina Ltd in an all-scrip, or all-stock transaction (Figure 1). Alumina shareholders will receive 0.02854 Alcoa shares for each Alumina share, resulting in Alumina Ltd shareholders owning 31.25% of the combined entity and Alcoa shareholders owning 68.75%. As part of the agreement, interests in Alcoa shares will be delivered in the form of CDIs, allowing Alumina shareholders to trade Alcoa common stock via CDIs on the ASX. Importantly, Alcoa has committed to maintaining the CDI listing for at least 10 years. Additionally, two new Australian directors from Alumina Ltd’s Board will be appointed to Alcoa’s Board of Directors upon closing the transaction. “Entering into the Scheme Implementation Deed to acquire Alumina Limited is a milestone on our path to deliver value for both Alcoa and Alumina shareholders,” said Oplinger. Figure 1: Key Milestone for the acquisition (Source: AWAC Website) “Proven Operator” Oplinger added: “Alcoa has been a proven operator of AWAC, and we recognize the value creation opportunities possible under a simplified ownership structure, including the ability to implement AWAC’s operational and strategic decisions on an accelerated basis. “We believe now is the right time to consolidate ownership in AWAC, and we look forward to building on Alcoa’s success and continuing to execute our long-term strategy.” Alcoa’s global operations Alcoa Corporation is a global leader in the production of bauxite, alumina, and aluminium products. Founded in 1888, the company has a rich history of innovation and sustainability in aluminium manufacturing. Alcoa operates in a vertically integrated manner, encompassing every aspect of the aluminium production process. This includes mining bauxite, refining it into alumina, and then smelting the alumina to produce aluminium. The company's comprehensive approach ensures control over quality and supply chain efficiency. The company holds direct and indirect ownership of assets in 27 locations across nine countries on six continents, enabling it to maintain a leading position in the global aluminium market (Figure 2). Figure 2: Alcoa locations around the world (Source: Alcoa Sustainability Report) Transaction Timeline and Future Outlook The acquisition is anticipated to close around August 1, 2024. This strategic move is expected to enhance Alcoa's ownership of core, tier-one assets, and drive long-term value through greater financial and operational flexibility. Alcoa’s entry into the ASX aims to expand its investor base and leverage the Australian market’s potential. Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience

According to recent research by Straits Research, the global molybdenum market is anticipated to grow from USD 4.4 billion in 2022 to USD 6.82 billion by 2031, registering a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.07% during the forecast period of 2023-2031. This substantial growth is primarily fuelled by the increasing demand for molybdenum across various industrial sectors due to its unique properties and applications. Notably, the demand for molybdenum is driven by the booming steel production in China, the world's leading steel manufacturer. Molybdenum-containing stainless steels are increasingly favoured over other grades due to their superior corrosion resistance, critical for industries like construction and automotive. These sectors are thriving in China due to urbanisation and industrial growth, thus propelling the demand for molybdenum. Moreover, the energy sector is creating significant opportunities for the molybdenum market. As the global shift towards renewable energy sources gains momentum, the demand for materials used in the construction of solar panels, wind turbines, and other renewable energy infrastructure is increasing. Therefore, Molybdenum plays a critical role in these applications, particularly in thin-film photovoltaic cells where it is used as an absorber layer to enhance the efficiency of solar energy conversion. In the spotlight: Taiton Resources In Australia, molybdenum is not produced as a primary metal; rather, it is often a byproduct of copper mining. However, Taiton’s projects are changing this landscape by targeting molybdenum as a primary metal. The company has two key assets prospective for molybdenum, both situated in Australia. In New South Wales, the Kingsgate Molybdenum and High-Purity Quartz project, acquired in January 2024, stands out as a key asset. Previously operating as a high-grade Molybdenum-Bismuth mine, Kingsgate is poised for a return to production under Taiton’s stewardship, aiming to capitalise on its historical success. Historically, this region has been a significant producer of tin and molybdenum, with estimated historical outputs of 300,000 tonnes of tin and 450 tonnes of molybdenum, primarily during the late 19th and early 20th centuries (Figure 1). Figure 1: Taiton Kingsgate Project Location (Source: Website) In South Australia, the company’s Highway project has also demonstrated prospectivity for molybdenum amongst other metals. Situated in the renowned Olympic Dam Province, the Highway project holds the potential for uncovering large-scale, economically viable deposits of molybdenum, gold and Ni-cu-PGE (Nickel – copper -platinum group elements) (Figure 2) Exploratory efforts in 2023, including an Ultra-Fine sampling program, uncovered significant molybdenum mineralisation at Merino, with subsequent drilling confirming the scale and continuity needed for economic viability. Building on these findings, Taiton's 2024 exploration strategy involves shifting focus from Merino to explore other prospects with potential for preservation and richer mineralisation. This includes the Garfield Prospect and new areas like Pluto and Snoopy. These efforts are part of a comprehensive plan to evaluate the region for a variety of mineralisations, including precious metals, base metals, and rare earth elements. Figure 2: Location of Taiton’s Highway Project. Region-wise, Asia-Pacific is the leading contributor to the global molybdenum market and is expected to maintain its dominance with a projected CAGR of 4.64% throughout the forecast period. The region benefits from robust industrial activity and significant investments in automotive and electronics sectors backed by supportive government policies aimed at boosting domestic manufacturing. Europe is also showing promising growth, with a projected CAGR of 3.04%. Germany, in particular, as the largest automotive manufacturer in Europe, is a significant user of molybdenum in vehicle production. The anticipated increase in commercial and industrial construction projects is expected to further drive the demand for molybdenum-based steel alloys in the region. In summary, the global molybdenum market is poised for significant growth due to its critical role in modern industrial applications. With increasing investments in infrastructure and renewable energy, coupled with the ongoing industrialisation in Asia-Pacific, molybdenum's market outlook remains robust and promising through 2031 and beyond. Get Deeper Insights The latest and most reliable information from experienced sources, that are completely unbiased are now available through a Paid Membership. Sign up here for a more trustworthy source of well-researched and independent information for investors. ------- Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. ------ About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research. Coffee with Samso Experience

The Age of Artificial Intelligence Uncovering Promising Australian Companies on the ASX with Rising Global Appeal and Harnessing AI If you're an investor in the Australian Stock Market, you may be curious about technology's growing impact on traditional industries. Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing how businesses operate and how investors assess potential returns. My learning curve in the space of AI is now my favourite topic of conversation. In the space of a month, my curiosity about this business has evolved from a casual conversation to one that is generating a passion for the business. This passion is the focus of focusing on a select group of companies on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) that are leveraging AI while maintaining a handsome market capitalisation. These firms have shown significant share price increases in the past six months and are gaining attention from investors worldwide. While still being in the space for retail investors. Why AI Matters in Investing AI technology is swiftly transforming various sectors by automating tasks, boosting analytics, and enhancing customer experiences. Investors who recognize companies leveraging AI can position themselves advantageously in an ever-evolving market. I did some research on the facts some five years ago to see the rate at which AI is now being structured into businesses, and it's interesting to see the modest and some less modest thinking back at that time. For instance, a company implementing AI-driven solutions can improve operational efficiency by up to 50%, a statistic that underscores the power of technology in driving growth. In 2021, a McKinsey report found that companies that fully implement AI across business functions can boost productivity by up to 40%–50% (The state of AI in 2021). The report detailed that AI applications in operations, supply chain, and customer service were among the most impactful, with automation and decision-making tools leading to substantial cost and time savings. Although the report is four years old, it is good to see the thoughts on the cost and revenue equation then and what they would be now in 2025. In 2019, there was the PwC Global Artificial Intelligence Study, which found that AI could contribute up to $15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030, largely through productivity and efficiency improvements (Figure 1). The main aspect of the report proposed that labour productivity improvements alone are expected to account for 45% of total economic gains from AI (source: PwC Report – Sizing the Prize). Figure 1: Sizing the prize - Which Regions Gain The Most From AI? (PWC) Similarly, an Accenture Report in 2017 released a paper, "Artificial Intelligence Has Potential to Increase Corporate Profitability in 16 Industries by an Average of 38 Percent by 2035" in support of the reasons why AI should be high on investors' watch list. Finally, in 2022, IBM stated that 35% of companies were already using AI (Figure 2), and those that implemented AI solutions in business workflows reported an average process efficiency gain of 30%–50% (IBM Global AI Adoption Index 2022). Figure 2: AI adoption rates around the world (source: IBM Global AI Adoption Index 2022) Spotting undervalued companies poised for significant growth can be key, especially on the ASX. Often, smaller firms wield the potential to outperform larger competitors thanks to innovative AI strategies, making them an attractive investment option. Company Spotlight: Data#3 Limited (ASX: DTL) One standout company is Data#3 Limited (ASX: DTL). This IT services and solutions provider has successfully integrated AI into its offerings, enhancing software performance and data management. Over the past six months, Data#3's share price has increased by approximately 30%, a reflection of its AI focus and market demand (Figure 3). Figure 3: Data#3 Limited Share Price Chart. (source: commsec) Their use of AI analytics tools allows Data#3 to offer customized solutions to clients, further solidifying their competitive edge. For example, by implementing AI in their data analysis processes, Data#3 has improved project delivery times by 20%, showcasing their ability to adapt and thrive in a tech-driven marketplace. The market capitalisation of DTL at AUD $1.15B and a share price chart like Figure 3 instil confidence that the business is accepted. Like all successful businesses, it has been a long journey. Is this a stock for retail investors? Has it lost its appeal to those who are seeking capital appreciation? Data#3 Limited's Innovative Technology Workshop As Data#3 continues to capitalize on AI relevance, it remains an attractive choice for investors seeking companies with solid technological foundations. Company Highlight: BrainChip Holdings Ltd (ASX: BRN) Another notable player is BrainChip Holdings Ltd (ASX: BRN), a leader in AI hardware with its neuromorphic computing platform. This innovative technology simulates the human brain’s architecture, providing efficient AI solutions. BrainChip’s stock has surged by more than 40% in the past six months, indicating strong market interest both locally and internationally. Figure 4: Brainchip Holdings Limited Share Price Chart. (source: Commesc) The market appeal for BRN is marketedly different from DTL, as it is clearly shown in Figure 4, however, I still think that the business is worth having a look at. With a market capitalisation of AUD $455M, BRN is no slouch in terms of its place on the ASX. For the average investor, one must remember that not all business markets move at the same rate, and the potential of AI, in my opinion, has not really been understood as yet. The adoption rate is still just being tested, and in my discussion with people, industries are still "working it out". Looking at the events for BRN over the last 12 months, it does look like the company is winning in some respects, but as the market understanding continues, I will not be surprised that the "punters" will help maintain BRN's visibility. The ongoing advancements in their neuromorphic chips position BrainChip as a disruptive force in AI, appealing to various industries ranging from automotive to smart devices. For instance, their technology is being utilized in advanced driver-assistance systems, which have increased in demand as the automotive sector shifts towards autonomy. BrainChip Holdings' Neuromorphic Chip Design By prioritizing AI innovation, BrainChip is establishing a prominent niche in the competitive landscape. Their growth trajectory suggests a bright future as they continue to strengthen their market position. Emerging Star: Appen Limited (ASX: APX) Appen Limited (ASX: APX) deserves mention as a major player specializing in AI data. They enhance machine learning datasets using crowd-sourced data collection and high-quality annotation services. In the last six months, Appen’s share price has risen by about 25%, fueled by contracts with major tech firms seeking to refine their AI systems. Figure 5: Appen Limited Share Price Chart. (source: commsec) I am just learning about APX, and looking at Figure 5, I cannot speak for the past, and I am sure readers can easily ask ChatGPT to summarise the past. Appen Limited has a market capitalisation of AUD $303M and in the last 12 months has had a volatile time (Figure 7). The share price has gone from less than AUD $0.50 to a high of just over AUD $3.00 to a close of AUD $1.15 at the time of writing (7th June 2025). Figure 6: Appen Limited (ASX: APX) in the last 12 months. (source: commsec) The demand for accurate AI data has surged, and Appen's established partnerships with global enterprises position it well for future growth. Their data services have become essential for companies like Microsoft and Facebook, who rely on Appen for high-quality training data to improve their AI applications. Appen Limited's AI Innovations Conference As companies worldwide increasingly seek reliable data for AI development, Appen is likely to continue gaining traction, making it a worthwhile consideration for investors. Convincing Market Performance These companies showcase rising share prices along with the operational success of AI technologies. Their proactive approaches and strategic positions illustrate how smaller firms can outperform larger ones in stock performance. The big question for me is whether the growing global interest in AI and the equity aspect of AI companies in the US would translate to similar excitement on the ASX. The ongoing research for Samso is now to expand our coverage into areas that the changing the way we work. An intriguing thought that I have recently had is that with over three decades working in the same industry and seeing innovation within the industry, the outcome of the mineral resource industry is the same; we mine the metals that we explore for in the beginning. The other industries are creating products that are making or adapting to the changes in global innovation. I just feel that the innovation in technology is the top of the circle of importance in global businesses. Key Insights Investing in Australia’s AI landscape presents a unique chance to be part of a transformative technological era – one that could redefine industries and lead to potential substantial financial gains. With these trends unfolding, one may think that the future of investment looks intelligently promising, however, I would pose the question, is the current path of AI the one that will eventually be the real case scenario in 5 years or 10 years time. As I put forward the three ASX companies utilising AI, Data#3, BrainChip, and Appen, are not arbitrary names in a stock exchange; they are currently the forward-thinking companies that the market feels have a place in the future business of technology. For anyone assessing investment in the Australian market, particularly in AI, these companies provide a glimpse into a thrilling new frontier that aligns with global investing trends. As always, conducting thorough research and analyzing market dynamics is essential before making any commitments. Hence, with understanding comes research. Research, in my mind, takes time and a lot of pondering of Ifs and What Ifs. Here at Samso, we look at the companies on the ASX and we ask those questions. For those of us who have the wisdom of time, we have seen technology go from mainstream to extinction several times, such as VCR to Laser Disk, Cassette tape (large to small formats), DVD and then to Netflix. Our content is well-researched and is only created if I see merit in discussing the company's story. Investors can view our three main products in Coffee with Samso, Samso News and Samso Insights. There may be numerous paths to success in investing, but the common thread among successful individuals is that they remain committed to making informed decisions. Equip yourself with the right knowledge and tools, and you will be well on your way to achieving your financial goals. Most importantly, investors need to be absolutely diligent in understanding their own risk-reward tolerance and capabilities. Never bite off more than you can chew is my parting comment. As they say, Rome was not built in a day, and the Great Wall is a great phenomenon because it took centuries to build. Happy investing—and as always, do your own research. To support our independent nature of our work, please head over to our Support Page and give us a helping hand in any of the ways listed. This is a new initiate for the Samso Platform, and it was always the concept of Samso when we started this journey in 2018. Cover photo: Columbia Supercomputer - NASA Advanced Supercomputing Facility, Trower, NASA. Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Columbia_Supercomputer_-_NASA_Advanced_Supercomputing_Facility.jpg). Reproduced photograph, shown faded under a navy overlay on the article thumbnail. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Share to Grow: Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. Download eBook If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me at noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso is a trusted platform that equips dedicated investors with up-to-date industry knowledge and insights from top CEOs and thought leaders. By staying informed on business advancements and market trends, investors can enhance their financial decisions through a combination of expert guidance and their own research.

Mineral exploration is a complex and evolving field that has undergone significant advancements over the years. It involves a meticulous process of discovery, as exemplified by projects like Olympic Dam, which required almost two decades of planning and a decade of execution. The understanding of geology and manually handling exploration techniques, which was once laborious and time-consuming, is rapidly becoming obsolete. one noticeable trend in the exploration industry is the decline of diamond exploration In the rapidly evolving landscape of decarbonisation and clean energy, it's understandable that investors and geoscientists may prioritise exploring commodities like lithium and more recently, rare earth elements. The field of mineral exploration has undergone significant changes since I entered it in 1992. The methods and technologies we use have evolved dramatically over time. However, one noticeable trend in the exploration industry is the decline of diamond exploration. In this episode of Samso Insight 113, we delve into a captivating discussion with Thomas Reddicliffe about the extensive search for the largest diamond mine. It's a topic that has intrigued many over the years, and we're excited to bring you this insightful conversation. If you've been following Samso, you might recall our previous discussion on the discovery of Olympic Dam. That was quite a journey in itself, and now we have the opportunity to explore the world of diamond exploration with Thomas Reddicliffe. Thomas joined the scene in 1976, towards the end of the discovery process. He provides us with a fascinating narrative of the glory days of diamond exploration and brings us up to speed on recent developments, from even just a few years ago. It's truly a remarkable journey that he shares with us. Of course, there are many other thought leaders who could have contributed to this Samso Insight, and these will come in time. For now, we are lucky to have Thomas with us, so we hope you enjoy this episode and gain valuable insights into the world of diamond mining. The Olympic Dam Story: An Insight into the Mineral Exploration Genius of WMC Limited. The inspiration to get Samso Insight Episode 113 completed is my appreciation of what it took to discover Argyle. The book by Stuart Kells entitled "Argyle - The Impossible Story of Australian Diamonds" which you can purchase on Amazon or Melbourne University Press (MUP) , was the impetus for my eagerness to try and document as much as I can to make sure the story is on the Samso Platform. Samso's Conclusion Diamond exploration is a specialised form of mineral exploration that is facing challenges and changes that involve non-geological factors, particularly in "developed" jurisdictions. Diamonds have long captivated people of all ages and are widely recognised as one of the most well-marketed commodities in the world. Diamonds are crystalline forms of carbon that are created deep within the Earth under high temperatures and extreme pressures. At surface air atmospheric pressure (one atmosphere), diamonds are less stable than graphite, and therefore, the thermodynamic conditions favour the decay of diamond (δH = -2 kJ/mol). Historical records indicate that diamonds were known to burn during Roman times (Magill School of Computer School). It is worth noting that the marketing efforts of De Beers have played a significant role in establishing and sustaining the diamond market. Diamonds, regardless of scientific knowledge, are cherished and adored today as a beautiful crystal that brings joy to everyone. From the perspective of a geoscientist, the search for diamonds holds great excitement and intrigue. I consider myself fortunate to have entered the field during a time when diamond exploration was at its peak. In the 1990s, the quest for diamonds was in its final decade of glory, and the expertise of many experienced practitioners has since become scarce. The individuals who had mastered the art of diamond exploration are now approaching the end of their careers, and I worry that their valuable skills will be lost. While new geoscientists will undoubtedly acquire the necessary knowledge and techniques through a structured learning process, there are certain intangible skills that can only be honed through years of practice. It is these skills that I fear may be forgotten, and relearning them would be akin to reinventing the wheel. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:10 Diamond exploration - a discussion 03:19 Rundown of the search in 1973 10:04 Pragmatic approach to exploration 11:27 Treating indicator minerals for analysing 13:12 Ellendale discovery 16:27 Lamproites and Kimberlites 19:26 Discussion about the economic side 22:06 The situation after Ellendale 24:12 Was there a difference between indicator minerals? 26:05 The last 10 years of active diamond exploration 27:15 Would the technology today help with the exploration cost? 28:19 Was stream sampling more effective? 29:25 Is there still an “Argyle” today? 34:36 Discussion about Argyle 42:21 The future of the diamond industry 53:17 Conclusion PODCAST The Samso Way – Seek the Research At Samso, we encourage investors to look beyond the headlines and focus on the foundations of value—geology, strategy, and execution. Pivotal Metals (ASX: PVT) is a clear example of why this matters. The Company’s systematic approach at the early-stage Lorraine project—highlighted by bonanza-grade gold, emerging gabbro-hosted sulphide targets, and newly defined magnetic corridors—signals a much larger mineral system at play. For those who value method over hype, PVT is one to research now and follow closely as the exploration story builds. Our mission is simple: cut through the noise and spotlight what matters—genuine stories, grounded insights, and real opportunity. Our content is well-researched and is only created if the team sees a merit in discussing the company or concept. Investors can explore our three core platforms: Coffee with Samso Samso Insights Samso News There may be numerous paths to success in investing, but the common thread among successful individuals is that they remain committed to making informed decisions. Equip yourself with the right knowledge and tools, and you will be well on your way to achieving your financial goals. Most importantly, investors need to be absolutely diligent in understanding their own risk-reward tolerance and capabilities. Never bite off more than you can chew. As they say, Rome wasn’t built in a day, and the Great Wall stood because it took centuries to complete. The Samso Philosophy: Stay curious. Stay sharp. And remember—digging deeper always uncovers the real value. In Life, there is no such thing as a Free Lunch. Happy Investing, and the only four-letter word you need to know is DYOR. To support our independent nature of our work, please head over to our Support Page and give us a helping hand in any of the ways listed. This is a new initiate for the Samso Platform, and it was always the concept of Samso when we started this journey in 2018. About Thomas Reddicliffe BSc (Hons) Geology University of Queensland, 1974 MSc Ore Deposit Geology University of Western Australia, 1999 Mr Tom Reddicliffe has over 40 Years of largely Australian focused exploration, evaluation and feasibility experience over a range of commodities but with a focus on diamonds. He commenced his career as a field geologist with Ashton Mining Ltd and was involved in the early Kimberley (Aust) diamond exploration with the AEJV (Ashton Exploration Joint Venture) which led to the discoveries of the Ellendale and Argyle diamond deposits, and was also involved in the early evaluation of both deposits. Subsequently he became the Australian Exploration Manager for Ashton Mining Ltd and held this position for 16 years until Ashton was taken over by Rio Tinto in 2001. During this time he conceived and implemented the exploration which resulted in the discovery of the Merlin kimberlite field and was responsible for the initial evaluation of the diamond deposit. Mr Reddicliffe was a senior executive of Striker Resources/North Australian Diamonds Ltd, was appointed to the Board as Technical Director in 2004 and became CEO in 2007, a position he held until 2011. NADL, later to be renamed Merlin Diamonds, was focused on the evaluation of the Merlin diamond pipes. In 2007, he also assisted in the spinout and successful listing of NADL subsidiary company Top End Uranium and subsequently became CEO. Striker Resources/North Australian Diamonds (NADL) provided 10 years of small company corporate experience inclusive of promotion, capital raising, investor relations, new floats, and defending the company from takeover bids. In 2012 Mr Reddicliffe joined GeoCrystal Limited, an unlisted public company, as Technical Director and directed the company’s diamond exploration activities which were focused on the newly discovered Webb kimberlite field located in central Australia. He stepped down from the board in 2022. Mr Reddicliffe joined the Sorrento Resources group in 2019 to manage their diverse range of gold, iron ore, nickel, diamond and mineral sand projects. He joined the board of Errawarra Resources Limited (ASX: ERW) as a non-executive director upon its listing in late 2020 and was appointed Executive Chairman in 2022. Errawarra is a gold and nickel focused explorer. He is a foundation Executive Director of GreenTech Metals Limited (ASX: GRE) which listed in early 2022 and which is focussed on the exploration for battery minerals He is also a non-executive Director of Gibb River Diamonds in early 2020. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Share to Grow: Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso ASX stories are also through the Brilliant-Online channels. Subscribe to Brilliant Investments. Read Brilliant Investments

Samso Insights Episode 110 This article examines the changing state of media distribution for ASX resource companies. Popularity Contest Resistance to social media The Near Future - Web3 Always consult the legalities New Kids on the Block - Energy and Gold Successful companies on social media Share your narrative What's the focus? Like it or not, the digital world has exploded. What are you doing to gain attention to your ASX announcements or news that require engagement from your intended shareholders? Popularity Contest Which website do you think is the most popular today, worldwide? If you guessed Google like I did, we were both wrong. As of December 2021, Google lost its crown to TikTok. With video taking over as the communication medium of choice, the Metaverse updates and the first murmurings of Web3; failure to evolve alongside these tech advances and global social communication trends will leave your company at a standstill. It's hard to fathom now, but it wasn't that long ago that the personal computer was thought to be a niche product for a handful of homes. Put simply, there was no faith, at least initially. New methods that disrupt the status quo have a habit of fostering skepticism and distrust. To remain competitive, it's vital to keep up with global trends and innovations, despite the naysayers. What can your company do to catch the new breeds of investors' eye? This is your opportunity to get in and shape your company's online presence. Resistance to social media Not tackling your social media barriers head on only makes incorporating it later more difficult. Social media is synonymous with consumers, and consumers are investors. With the societal changes experienced globally over the last few years, toeing the line is not enough for investors. Investors/Consumers demand more from businesses today more than ever before and want to be informed, not placated, about your company's choices and its resultant outcomes. The Near Future - Web3 Web3 is about taking back the power that the large, centralised tech companies have held court over for the last fifteen years. It's the ability to be able to own the content that your company creates and maintain your privacy, unlike Web3. When we think of Web3 what comes to mind right now is cryptocurrencies, blockchain and the metaverse. Below is an example of a forward thinking mining company from the US and their foray into the Metaverse. Let's move into the world of marketing, the Metaverse and mining. Silver Bullet Mining is the first mining company globally to use the metaverse as a brand awareness tool by creating three immersive Silver Bullet ‘worlds’. The 'worlds' mimic SBMI's real life sites and reflect the changes as the mine sites move through the lifecycle sequences. The virtual worlds can be accessed via the use of the virtual reality headset, the Oculus device. “We are always looking for ways to enrich our communications with the shareholders,” said A. John Carter, SBMI’s CEO. “Being first in the metaverse allows us to engage differently with a larger demographic.” (Source here.) Silver Bullet Mining’s three worlds via Oculus can be found here: World 1 World 2 World 3 These three immersive worlds were set for release during the Mining Show, aka the Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada conference in March this year, but were rescheduled to June 2022 instead. Silver Bullet Mining decided to release them earlier than wait for the June date. As their mining projects progress, the three immersive meta worlds will update accordingly, giving viewers a unique and unprecedented perspective on minesite operations. The quote above from Silver Bullet's CEO A.John Carter sums up this article perfectly. The world today is all about existing and making an impression online and attracting new stakeholders, preferably through video and it's only just getting started. If you want to keep up with the Silver Bullets of the world then keep reading. Making your foray into the digital media world requires some forethought and planning ahead. Companies that are vocal and transparent about their practices and are aligned with today’s ESG culture and are the ones that potential employees or investors are going to want to interact with, that stand out in their minds. Social media platforms are the modern way of engaging with the public at large providing a two way communication channel that doesn’t just speak at you, but provides opportunities to communicate that were once unheard of. (Source here.) Always consult the legalities Always consult ASIC and in the US, the SEC guidelines when making decisions on what information your business is comfortable sharing online. Protecting your company's proprietary information is paramount when it comes to social media, particularly if you have in-house staff with access to social media accounts and who are privy to sensitive information. Pay close attention to what is being posted in your company's name and vet all intended communications. New Kids on the Block - Energy and Gold New Australian sustainable energy companies such as Line Hydrogen have established profile accounts on Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Facebook. Powershop *DC have multiple business media accounts visibly displayed on their websites. Gold companies such as Aurum Resources have profile accounts with YouTube, LinkedIn, Twitter; Austral Resources have Instagram, Facebook and Twitter and Bryah Resources (a manganese/copper and gold explorer) use Twitter, LinkedIn, Youtube and Facebook. This illustrates the point that to be a competitor in today's world, your company requires a social media presence and in particular, a presence on video. The aforementioned resource companies are using platforms that all host video. Video is the medium of the decade when it comes to all things marketing and communications, and it's only going to accelerate as time passes. Successful companies on social media So who got it right? The companies that have been successful in garnering a following on social media are those that have taken the time and effort to understand the social media landscapes in conjunction with their investor relations. FMG Rio Tinto World Gold Council Caterpillar Anglo American Newmont Mining Thiess Mining If you ignore the mental image that is conjured up when you think ‘social media’ and instead think of it as an extension of your company’s communication effort, it instantly becomes relatable to your business. Lagging on your business’s digital media strategy will emerge as a non-traditional threat the longer it is left wanting. Digital media is already taking the next leap into the baseline world of the Metaverse with advertising billboards, so if digital media is missing from your communications arsenal today, than it will be much harder to catch up when Web3 becomes a mainstay and it will be more than the Metaverse and cryptocurrencies. Share your narrative Digital media is any organisation's ultimate opportunity to create and control their narrative. Companies would be wise to bring their positive ESG outcomes and their CSR business models to the public’s attention. Companies that of their own volition have imposed the Good Neighbour Agreements that are legally binding should be highlighting these aspects of their business. Not to brag, but to educate, as part of many people’s opinions are only shaped by negative information, decades old misinformation and gossip and know little about how this industry has its positive and proactive members. Performing corporate responsibility and corporate volunteering is information that can be posted front and centre by using your social media accounts. Anytime you can control your image and put out the positive aspects should be taken up on and considered essential public relations. Who are the mining companies that stand out the most? Those who are leaders and those who implement their branding strategies the best and thus, are the most visible. What's the focus? 1. Share liquidity, Brand Awareness and Reputation Management A core goal is to get eyes on your business for the right reasons. Potential shareholders need to know you exist, why you exist and that your operation is sound. Creating a website and leaving it at that is the equivalent of phoning it in and still expecting outstanding results. Twitter and LinkedIn are the standard platforms resources industries use but with video taking over you need to expand your horizons and quickly. LinkedIn is a slow moving platform where changes made to a profile can take up to two hours to take effect, not exactly ideal for all your business news and for people getting their eyes on it. Creating relationships with stakeholders and potential and current investors should be your main goal. 2. Recruiting As your business grows you will want to attract the best talent out there. Getting in front of new graduates where they hang out online is only going to work in your favour. 3. Social innovation Highlight your company's work in social innovation. Showcasing your company's progress and adaptation in implementing digital and sustainable practices to save on inefficiencies is vital to staying competitive. 4. Beat the fake news Corporate social media is the place to celebrate and educate your company's wins and it’s also the place where you can correct misnomers and misinformation and provide discrete and accurate information updates should a crisis occur. Facebook has been the biggest source of news for many social media users which, as we know now, is by no means always accurate. By being proactive in the correction and the monitoring of misinformation, historical fake news or hearsay, it is essential to combat these aspects from proliferating. For many people the immediate association mining brings up is = bad and greedy. Bad for everyone and only good for the faceless and nameless executives in control. It's become a dehumanized industry. Much can be done to present a different perspective and educate those who think they are already informed. 5. Reputation management - Focal points Common areas of misinformation that can be clarified are historical misinformation, environmental concerns, First Nations peoples displacement, location damage, contamination fears etc. Many would still consider our society to be very selfish, but there has been a shift particularly over the last five years from individuals to businesses taking responsibility, accountability, and redress to correct past wrongs. Community relationships matter more than ever and the mining industry should take note. The University of Queensland recently concluded a study that found protests can cost a business approx. $20 million dollars a week in suspended production. A digital strategy can help mitigate this risk and save your business money. 6. It’s all in the way that you use it How the information is presented, the use of jargon or lack thereof also makes a big difference. Relaying of information and using plain language is imperative to ensure the right message is being disseminated through media channels. Otherwise, it can go against what you are trying to achieve. Assumptions made about the industry and those that work at every level of it, are another way to dispel the misnomers. Bringing a human element to the staff from grassroots level to the C Suite, can reduce the faceless, heartless corporate executive image people often conjure up. By being proactive with digital media and presenting your business on video, performs one key function: it puts a face to a name and it provides the essential connection that is missing from the faceless and uncaring mining company stereotype. 7. Video Du Jour You can achieve this by speaking with industry experts like Samso and getting your essential business messages across through the medium of du jour, video. Video imagery delivers your message across to audiences faster than words could ever convey on a screen or on paper. The world of social media is an exciting world in itself, and you have choices. All you need to do is take that first step. And the time to start is NOW. Getting Started You are aware of the tools available to your business, but where do you start? Before you get stuck into this section, consider how your business has adapted your existing investor outreach methods to the 'new normal' hybrid working conditions? Convert and conquer COVID took the nascent working from home trend and kicked it into becoming commonplace. This means converting your previous physical investor outreach methods into flexible, hybrid workplace friendly ones. Our pre-covid lifestyle hasn't returned yet and it may not ever be the same. COVID causes multiple interruptions and delays with workplace absences, service interruptions which can be mitigated by using today's tech app staples like Zoom/MSTeams and Google Workplace. You can reorient your former investor outreach activities and create appointments with serious investors, virtually. It also saves on expenses, time and no travel delays or disruptions. Ask Me Anything AMA webinars are a great addition to outreach activities. By organising, recording and uploading company investment information webinars onto platforms like YouTube, serves multiple purposes. It serves to keep authoritative company information in the public domain, It's in the fastest growing media format, video and is available to anyone globally, who wishes to view/listen to the recording for however long you wish for it to be available. Communications Audit After converting your investor presentations into hybrid workplace friendly formats, your next task is to audit your company's current communications materials and outlets. any existing online social media accounts company website, company website blog any email communications that are regularly disseminated annual reports Keep an eye out Scan your website for: outdated information, holiday closures dates *you would be surprised!* broken links, imagery, ex staff profiles and organise for their removal or update. Once a thorough audit has been conducted and the changes noted down, you can engage another person(s) to assist in removing the unwanted information. Social media accounts audit Conduct an audit on who your company's account follows and who follows back. This might seem inconsequential, but who your company's profile engages with forms part of your online reputation. It can affect your company's credibility both positively and negatively. It can effectively be an endorsement of the person or business, so be mindful of the optics. Audit past posts if you have existing social media profiles so an awareness of what has been posted in the past can form an online company history dossier for future reference. Consider the platforms, if any, your business is utilising: How do these platforms fit in with business goals? How effective have they been thus far? Do the platforms suit the content that is being distributed on them? Not all platforms suit all content. Ask these questions; How often are these materials accessed/requested? Do they need updating? It's a good idea to keep previous iterations of all published materials for reference. What are their primary goals for existing? Once you have ascertained the materials raison d'etre the next stage is asking the question, what does the business want to achieve by using social media? Is it brand awareness? Relationship building? Increased reach into new audiences? Market research? Increased SEO rankings? This list is not exhaustive. Your business may have a singular objective or it could use a combination of all of the above. Once you have decided upon the objective(s) you can move ahead to planning your content and using the platforms best suited to the content you wish to convey. Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints. Read full Disclaimer. Share to Grow: Your Bonus Samso has just released an eBook: How to Add Value to your Share Portfolio A lesson on geological models sought by mining companies that gives insight and an understanding of which portfolios are better - and potentially more lucrative – investments. Click here to download this eBook. If you find this article informative and useful, please help me share the information. I try and write about topics that are interesting and have the potential to be of investment value. It is not easy to find stories that fit those parameters. If you or your organisation see the benefit of what Samso is trying to achieve and have a need to share your journey, please contact me on noel.ong@samso.com.au. About Samso Samso ASX stories are also through the Brilliant-Online channels. Subscribe to Brilliant Investments.